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+// AsmJit - Machine code generation for C++
+//
+//  * Official AsmJit Home Page: https://asmjit.com
+//  * Official Github Repository: https://github.com/asmjit/asmjit
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2008-2020 The AsmJit Authors
+//
+// This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+// warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+// arising from the use of this software.
+//
+// Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+// including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+// freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+//
+// 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+//    claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+//    in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+//    appreciated but is not required.
+// 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+//    misrepresented as being the original software.
+// 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
+
+#ifndef ASMJIT_CORE_STRING_H_INCLUDED
+#define ASMJIT_CORE_STRING_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include "../core/support.h"
+#include "../core/zone.h"
+
+ASMJIT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+//! \addtogroup asmjit_utilities
+//! \{
+
+// ============================================================================
+// [asmjit::FixedString]
+// ============================================================================
+
+//! A fixed string - only useful for strings that would never exceed `N - 1`
+//! characters; always null-terminated.
+template<size_t N>
+union FixedString {
+  enum : uint32_t {
+    kNumU32 = uint32_t((N + sizeof(uint32_t) - 1) / sizeof(uint32_t))
+  };
+
+  char str[kNumU32 * sizeof(uint32_t)];
+  uint32_t u32[kNumU32];
+
+  //! \name Utilities
+  //! \{
+
+  inline bool eq(const char* other) const noexcept {
+    return strcmp(str, other) == 0;
+  }
+
+  //! \}
+};
+// ============================================================================
+// [asmjit::String]
+// ============================================================================
+
+//! A simple non-reference counted string that uses small string optimization (SSO).
+//!
+//! This string has 3 allocation possibilities:
+//!
+//!   1. Small    - embedded buffer is used for up to `kSSOCapacity` characters.
+//!                 This should handle most small strings and thus avoid dynamic
+//!                 memory allocation for most use-cases.
+//!
+//!   2. Large    - string that doesn't fit into an embedded buffer (or string
+//!                 that was truncated from a larger buffer) and is owned by
+//!                 AsmJit. When you destroy the string AsmJit would automatically
+//!                 release the large buffer.
+//!
+//!   3. External - like Large (2), however, the large buffer is not owned by
+//!                 AsmJit and won't be released when the string is destroyed
+//!                 or reallocated. This is mostly useful for working with
+//!                 larger temporary strings allocated on stack or with immutable
+//!                 strings.
+class String {
+public:
+  ASMJIT_NONCOPYABLE(String)
+
+  //! String operation.
+  enum Op : uint32_t {
+    //! Assignment - a new content replaces the current one.
+    kOpAssign = 0,
+    //! Append - a new content is appended to the string.
+    kOpAppend = 1
+  };
+
+  //! String format flags.
+  enum FormatFlags : uint32_t {
+    kFormatShowSign  = 0x00000001u,
+    kFormatShowSpace = 0x00000002u,
+    kFormatAlternate = 0x00000004u,
+    kFormatSigned    = 0x80000000u
+  };
+
+  //! \cond INTERNAL
+  enum : uint32_t {
+    kLayoutSize = 32,
+    kSSOCapacity = kLayoutSize - 2
+  };
+
+  //! String type.
+  enum Type : uint8_t {
+    kTypeLarge    = 0x1Fu, //!< Large string (owned by String).
+    kTypeExternal = 0x20u  //!< External string (zone allocated or not owned by String).
+  };
+
+  union Raw {
+    uint8_t u8[kLayoutSize];
+    uint64_t u64[kLayoutSize / sizeof(uint64_t)];
+    uintptr_t uptr[kLayoutSize / sizeof(uintptr_t)];
+  };
+
+  struct Small {
+    uint8_t type;
+    char data[kSSOCapacity + 1u];
+  };
+
+  struct Large {
+    uint8_t type;
+    uint8_t reserved[sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1];
+    size_t size;
+    size_t capacity;
+    char* data;
+  };
+
+  union {
+    uint8_t _type;
+    Raw _raw;
+    Small _small;
+    Large _large;
+  };
+  //! \endcond
+
+  //! \name Construction & Destruction
+  //! \{
+
+  //! Creates a default-initialized string if zero length.
+  inline String() noexcept
+    : _small {} {}
+
+  //! Creates a string that takes ownership of the content of the `other` string.
+  inline String(String&& other) noexcept {
+    _raw = other._raw;
+    other._resetInternal();
+  }
+
+  inline ~String() noexcept {
+    reset();
+  }
+
+  //! Reset the string into a construction state.
+  ASMJIT_API Error reset() noexcept;
+
+  //! \}
+
+  //! \name Overloaded Operators
+  //! \{
+
+  inline String& operator=(String&& other) noexcept {
+    swap(other);
+    other.reset();
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  inline bool operator==(const char* other) const noexcept { return  eq(other); }
+  inline bool operator!=(const char* other) const noexcept { return !eq(other); }
+
+  inline bool operator==(const String& other) const noexcept { return  eq(other); }
+  inline bool operator!=(const String& other) const noexcept { return !eq(other); }
+
+  //! \}
+
+  //! \name Accessors
+  //! \{
+
+  inline bool isLarge() const noexcept { return _type >= kTypeLarge; }
+  inline bool isExternal() const noexcept { return _type == kTypeExternal; }
+
+  //! Tests whether the string is empty.
+  inline bool empty() const noexcept { return size() == 0; }
+  //! Returns the size of the string.
+  inline size_t size() const noexcept { return isLarge() ? size_t(_large.size) : size_t(_type); }
+  //! Returns the capacity of the string.
+  inline size_t capacity() const noexcept { return isLarge() ? _large.capacity : size_t(kSSOCapacity); }
+
+  //! Returns the data of the string.
+  inline char* data() noexcept { return isLarge() ? _large.data : _small.data; }
+  //! \overload
+  inline const char* data() const noexcept { return isLarge() ? _large.data : _small.data; }
+
+  inline char* start() noexcept { return data(); }
+  inline const char* start() const noexcept { return data(); }
+
+  inline char* end() noexcept { return data() + size(); }
+  inline const char* end() const noexcept { return data() + size(); }
+
+  //! \}
+
+  //! \name String Operations
+  //! \{
+
+  //! Swaps the content of this string with `other`.
+  inline void swap(String& other) noexcept {
+    std::swap(_raw, other._raw);
+  }
+
+  //! Clears the content of the string.
+  ASMJIT_API Error clear() noexcept;
+
+  ASMJIT_API char* prepare(uint32_t op, size_t size) noexcept;
+
+  ASMJIT_API Error _opString(uint32_t op, const char* str, size_t size = SIZE_MAX) noexcept;
+  ASMJIT_API Error _opChar(uint32_t op, char c) noexcept;
+  ASMJIT_API Error _opChars(uint32_t op, char c, size_t n) noexcept;
+  ASMJIT_API Error _opNumber(uint32_t op, uint64_t i, uint32_t base = 0, size_t width = 0, uint32_t flags = 0) noexcept;
+  ASMJIT_API Error _opHex(uint32_t op, const void* data, size_t size, char separator = '\0') noexcept;
+  ASMJIT_API Error _opFormat(uint32_t op, const char* fmt, ...) noexcept;
+  ASMJIT_API Error _opVFormat(uint32_t op, const char* fmt, va_list ap) noexcept;
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string with `data` of the given `size`.
+  //!
+  //! Null terminated strings can set `size` to `SIZE_MAX`.
+  ASMJIT_API Error assign(const char* data, size_t size = SIZE_MAX) noexcept;
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string with `other` string.
+  inline Error assign(const String& other) noexcept {
+    return assign(other.data(), other.size());
+  }
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string by a single `c` character.
+  inline Error assign(char c) noexcept {
+    return _opChar(kOpAssign, c);
+  }
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string by a `c` character, repeated `n` times.
+  inline Error assignChars(char c, size_t n) noexcept {
+    return _opChars(kOpAssign, c, n);
+  }
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string by a formatted integer `i` (signed).
+  inline Error assignInt(int64_t i, uint32_t base = 0, size_t width = 0, uint32_t flags = 0) noexcept {
+    return _opNumber(kOpAssign, uint64_t(i), base, width, flags | kFormatSigned);
+  }
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string by a formatted integer `i` (unsigned).
+  inline Error assignUInt(uint64_t i, uint32_t base = 0, size_t width = 0, uint32_t flags = 0) noexcept {
+    return _opNumber(kOpAssign, i, base, width, flags);
+  }
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string by the given `data` converted to a HEX string.
+  inline Error assignHex(const void* data, size_t size, char separator = '\0') noexcept {
+    return _opHex(kOpAssign, data, size, separator);
+  }
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string by a formatted string `fmt`.
+  template<typename... Args>
+  inline Error assignFormat(const char* fmt, Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    return _opFormat(kOpAssign, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  //! Replaces the current of the string by a formatted string `fmt` (va_list version).
+  inline Error assignVFormat(const char* fmt, va_list ap) noexcept {
+    return _opVFormat(kOpAssign, fmt, ap);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends `str` having the given size `size` to the string.
+  //!
+  //! Null terminated strings can set `size` to `SIZE_MAX`.
+  inline Error append(const char* str, size_t size = SIZE_MAX) noexcept {
+    return _opString(kOpAppend, str, size);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends `other` string to this string.
+  inline Error append(const String& other) noexcept {
+    return append(other.data(), other.size());
+  }
+
+  //! Appends a single `c` character.
+  inline Error append(char c) noexcept {
+    return _opChar(kOpAppend, c);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends `c` character repeated `n` times.
+  inline Error appendChars(char c, size_t n) noexcept {
+    return _opChars(kOpAppend, c, n);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends a formatted integer `i` (signed).
+  inline Error appendInt(int64_t i, uint32_t base = 0, size_t width = 0, uint32_t flags = 0) noexcept {
+    return _opNumber(kOpAppend, uint64_t(i), base, width, flags | kFormatSigned);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends a formatted integer `i` (unsigned).
+  inline Error appendUInt(uint64_t i, uint32_t base = 0, size_t width = 0, uint32_t flags = 0) noexcept {
+    return _opNumber(kOpAppend, i, base, width, flags);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends the given `data` converted to a HEX string.
+  inline Error appendHex(const void* data, size_t size, char separator = '\0') noexcept {
+    return _opHex(kOpAppend, data, size, separator);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends a formatted string `fmt` with `args`.
+  template<typename... Args>
+  inline Error appendFormat(const char* fmt, Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    return _opFormat(kOpAppend, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  //! Appends a formatted string `fmt` (va_list version).
+  inline Error appendVFormat(const char* fmt, va_list ap) noexcept {
+    return _opVFormat(kOpAppend, fmt, ap);
+  }
+
+  ASMJIT_API Error padEnd(size_t n, char c = ' ') noexcept;
+
+  //! Truncate the string length into `newSize`.
+  ASMJIT_API Error truncate(size_t newSize) noexcept;
+
+  ASMJIT_API bool eq(const char* other, size_t size = SIZE_MAX) const noexcept;
+  inline bool eq(const String& other) const noexcept { return eq(other.data(), other.size()); }
+
+  //! \}
+
+  //! \name Internal Functions
+  //! \{
+
+  //! Resets string to embedded and makes it empty (zero length, zero first char)
+  //!
+  //! \note This is always called internally after an external buffer was released
+  //! as it zeroes all bytes used by String's embedded storage.
+  inline void _resetInternal() noexcept {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ASMJIT_ARRAY_SIZE(_raw.uptr); i++)
+      _raw.uptr[i] = 0;
+  }
+
+  inline void _setSize(size_t newSize) noexcept {
+    if (isLarge())
+      _large.size = newSize;
+    else
+      _small.type = uint8_t(newSize);
+  }
+
+  //! \}
+
+#ifndef ASMJIT_NO_DEPRECATED
+  ASMJIT_DEPRECATED("Use assign() instead of assignString()")
+  inline Error assignString(const char* data, size_t size = SIZE_MAX) noexcept { return assign(data, size); }
+
+  ASMJIT_DEPRECATED("Use assign() instead of assignChar()")
+  inline Error assignChar(char c) noexcept { return assign(c); }
+
+  ASMJIT_DEPRECATED("Use append() instead of appendString()")
+  inline Error appendString(const char* data, size_t size = SIZE_MAX) noexcept { return append(data, size); }
+
+  ASMJIT_DEPRECATED("Use append() instead of appendChar()")
+  inline Error appendChar(char c) noexcept { return append(c); }
+#endif // !ASMJIT_NO_DEPRECATED
+};
+
+// ============================================================================
+// [asmjit::StringTmp]
+// ============================================================================
+
+//! Temporary string builder, has statically allocated `N` bytes.
+template<size_t N>
+class StringTmp : public String {
+public:
+  ASMJIT_NONCOPYABLE(StringTmp<N>)
+
+  //! Embedded data.
+  char _embeddedData[Support::alignUp(N + 1, sizeof(size_t))];
+
+  //! \name Construction & Destruction
+  //! \{
+
+  inline StringTmp() noexcept {
+    _resetToTemporary();
+  }
+
+  inline void _resetToTemporary() noexcept {
+    _large.type = kTypeExternal;
+    _large.capacity = ASMJIT_ARRAY_SIZE(_embeddedData) - 1;
+    _large.data = _embeddedData;
+    _embeddedData[0] = '\0';
+  }
+
+  //! \}
+};
+
+//! \}
+
+ASMJIT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // ASMJIT_CORE_STRING_H_INCLUDED