Merge pull request #2466 from patricklodder/1.14.4-readme

Update README.md, introduce INSTALL.md and doc/FAQ.md

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+## Very Much Frequently Asked Questions ❓
+
+### How much doge can exist? – So many puppies! 🐕
+Early 2015 (approximately a year and a half after release) there were
+approximately 100,000,000,000 coins.
+Each subsequent block will grant 10,000 coins to encourage miners to continue to
+secure the network and make up for lost wallets on hard drives/phones/lost
+encryption passwords/etc.
+
+
+### Such mining information ⛏
+
+Dogecoin uses a simplified variant of the scrypt key derivation function as its
+proof of work with a target time of one minute per block and difficulty
+readjustment after every block. The block rewards are fixed and halve every
+100,000 blocks. Starting with the 600,000th block, a permanent reward of
+10,000 Dogecoin per block will be issued.
+
+Originally, a different payout scheme was envisioned with block rewards being
+determined by taking the maximum reward as per the block schedule and applying
+the result of a Mersenne Twister pseudo-random number generator to arrive at a
+number between 0 and the maximum reward.
+
+This was changed starting with block 145,000, to prevent large pools from gaming
+the system and mining only high reward blocks. At the same time, the difficulty
+retargeting was also changed from four hours to once per block (every minute),
+implementing an algorithm courtesy of the DigiByte Coin development team, to
+lessen the impact of sudden increases and decreases of network hashing rate.
+
+**The current block reward schedule:**
+
+| Block                | Reward in Dogecoin |
+| :------------------- | -----------------: |
+| 1–99,999             |        0–1,000,000 |
+| 100,000–144,999      |          0–500,000 |
+| 145,000–199,999      |            250,000 |
+| 200,000–299,999      |            125,000 |
+| 300,000–399,999      |             62,500 |
+| 400,000–499,999      |             31,250 |
+| 500,000–599,999      |             15,625 |
+| 600,000+             |             10,000 |
+
+**The original block reward schedule, with one-minute block targets and
+four-hour difficulty readjustment:**
+
+| Block                | Reward in Dogecoin |
+| :------------------- | -----------------: |
+| 1–99,999             |        0–1,000,000 |
+| 100,000–199,999      |          0–500,000 |
+| 200,000–299,999      |          0–250,000 |
+| 300,000–399,999      |          0–125,000 |
+| 400,000–499,999      |           0–62,500 |
+| 500,000–599,999      |           0–31,250 |
+| 600,000+             |             10,000 |