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-// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
-// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
-// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
-// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
-// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
-// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
-// except according to those terms.
-
-//! Thread local storage
-
-#![unstable(feature = "thread_local_internals", issue = "0")]
-
-use cell::UnsafeCell;
-use fmt;
-use mem;
-
-/// A thread local storage key which owns its contents.
-///
-/// This key uses the fastest possible implementation available to it for the
-/// target platform. It is instantiated with the [`thread_local!`] macro and the
-/// primary method is the [`with`] method.
-///
-/// The [`with`] method yields a reference to the contained value which cannot be
-/// sent across threads or escape the given closure.
-///
-/// # Initialization and Destruction
-///
-/// Initialization is dynamically performed on the first call to [`with`]
-/// within a thread, and values that implement [`Drop`] get destructed when a
-/// thread exits. Some caveats apply, which are explained below.
-///
-/// A `LocalKey`'s initializer cannot recursively depend on itself, and using
-/// a `LocalKey` in this way will cause the initializer to infinitely recurse
-/// on the first call to `with`.
-///
-/// # Examples
-///
-/// ```
-/// use std::cell::RefCell;
-/// use std::thread;
-///
-/// thread_local!(static FOO: RefCell<u32> = RefCell::new(1));
-///
-/// FOO.with(|f| {
-/// assert_eq!(*f.borrow(), 1);
-/// *f.borrow_mut() = 2;
-/// });
-///
-/// // each thread starts out with the initial value of 1
-/// thread::spawn(move|| {
-/// FOO.with(|f| {
-/// assert_eq!(*f.borrow(), 1);
-/// *f.borrow_mut() = 3;
-/// });
-/// });
-///
-/// // we retain our original value of 2 despite the child thread
-/// FOO.with(|f| {
-/// assert_eq!(*f.borrow(), 2);
-/// });
-/// ```
-///
-/// # Platform-specific behavior
-///
-/// Note that a "best effort" is made to ensure that destructors for types
-/// stored in thread local storage are run, but not all platforms can guarantee
-/// that destructors will be run for all types in thread local storage. For
-/// example, there are a number of known caveats where destructors are not run:
-///
-/// 1. On Unix systems when pthread-based TLS is being used, destructors will
-/// not be run for TLS values on the main thread when it exits. Note that the
-/// application will exit immediately after the main thread exits as well.
-/// 2. On all platforms it's possible for TLS to re-initialize other TLS slots
-/// during destruction. Some platforms ensure that this cannot happen
-/// infinitely by preventing re-initialization of any slot that has been
-/// destroyed, but not all platforms have this guard. Those platforms that do
-/// not guard typically have a synthetic limit after which point no more
-/// destructors are run.
-/// 3. On macOS, initializing TLS during destruction of other TLS slots can
-/// sometimes cancel *all* destructors for the current thread, whether or not
-/// the slots have already had their destructors run or not.
-///
-/// [`with`]: ../../std/thread/struct.LocalKey.html#method.with
-/// [`thread_local!`]: ../../std/macro.thread_local.html
-/// [`Drop`]: ../../std/ops/trait.Drop.html
-#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-pub struct LocalKey<T: 'static> {
- // This outer `LocalKey<T>` type is what's going to be stored in statics,
- // but actual data inside will sometimes be tagged with #[thread_local].
- // It's not valid for a true static to reference a #[thread_local] static,
- // so we get around that by exposing an accessor through a layer of function
- // indirection (this thunk).
- //
- // Note that the thunk is itself unsafe because the returned lifetime of the
- // slot where data lives, `'static`, is not actually valid. The lifetime
- // here is actually slightly shorter than the currently running thread!
- //
- // Although this is an extra layer of indirection, it should in theory be
- // trivially devirtualizable by LLVM because the value of `inner` never
- // changes and the constant should be readonly within a crate. This mainly
- // only runs into problems when TLS statics are exported across crates.
- inner: unsafe fn() -> Option<&'static UnsafeCell<Option<T>>>,
-
- // initialization routine to invoke to create a value
- init: fn() -> T,
-}
-
-#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
-impl<T: 'static> fmt::Debug for LocalKey<T> {
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
- f.pad("LocalKey { .. }")
- }
-}
-
-/// Declare a new thread local storage key of type [`std::thread::LocalKey`].
-///
-/// # Syntax
-///
-/// The macro wraps any number of static declarations and makes them thread local.
-/// Publicity and attributes for each static are allowed. Example:
-///
-/// ```
-/// use std::cell::RefCell;
-/// thread_local! {
-/// pub static FOO: RefCell<u32> = RefCell::new(1);
-///
-/// #[allow(unused)]
-/// static BAR: RefCell<f32> = RefCell::new(1.0);
-/// }
-/// # fn main() {}
-/// ```
-///
-/// See [LocalKey documentation][`std::thread::LocalKey`] for more
-/// information.
-///
-/// [`std::thread::LocalKey`]: ../std/thread/struct.LocalKey.html
-#[macro_export]
-#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow_internal_unstable]
-macro_rules! thread_local {
- // empty (base case for the recursion)
- () => {};
-
- // process multiple declarations
- ($(#[$attr:meta])* $vis:vis static $name:ident: $t:ty = $init:expr; $($rest:tt)*) => (
- __thread_local_inner!($(#[$attr])* $vis $name, $t, $init);
- thread_local!($($rest)*);
- );
-
- // handle a single declaration
- ($(#[$attr:meta])* $vis:vis static $name:ident: $t:ty = $init:expr) => (
- __thread_local_inner!($(#[$attr])* $vis $name, $t, $init);
- );
-}
-
-#[doc(hidden)]
-#[unstable(feature = "thread_local_internals",
- reason = "should not be necessary",
- issue = "0")]
-#[macro_export]
-#[allow_internal_unstable]
-#[allow_internal_unsafe]
-macro_rules! __thread_local_inner {
- (@key $(#[$attr:meta])* $vis:vis $name:ident, $t:ty, $init:expr) => {
- {
- #[inline]
- fn __init() -> $t { $init }
-
- unsafe fn __getit() -> $crate::option::Option<
- &'static $crate::cell::UnsafeCell<
- $crate::option::Option<$t>>>
- {
- #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
- static __KEY: $crate::thread::__StaticLocalKeyInner<$t> =
- $crate::thread::__StaticLocalKeyInner::new();
-
- #[thread_local]
- #[cfg(all(target_thread_local, not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
- static __KEY: $crate::thread::__FastLocalKeyInner<$t> =
- $crate::thread::__FastLocalKeyInner::new();
-
- #[cfg(all(not(target_thread_local), not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
- static __KEY: $crate::thread::__OsLocalKeyInner<$t> =
- $crate::thread::__OsLocalKeyInner::new();
-
- __KEY.get()
- }
-
- unsafe {
- $crate::thread::LocalKey::new(__getit, __init)
- }
- }
- };
- ($(#[$attr:meta])* $vis:vis $name:ident, $t:ty, $init:expr) => {
- $(#[$attr])* $vis const $name: $crate::thread::LocalKey<$t> =
- __thread_local_inner!(@key $(#[$attr])* $vis $name, $t, $init);
- }
-}
-
-/// An error returned by [`LocalKey::try_with`](struct.LocalKey.html#method.try_with).
-#[stable(feature = "thread_local_try_with", since = "1.26.0")]
-pub struct AccessError {
- _private: (),
-}
-
-#[stable(feature = "thread_local_try_with", since = "1.26.0")]
-impl fmt::Debug for AccessError {
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
- f.debug_struct("AccessError").finish()
- }
-}
-
-#[stable(feature = "thread_local_try_with", since = "1.26.0")]
-impl fmt::Display for AccessError {
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
- fmt::Display::fmt("already destroyed", f)
- }
-}
-
-impl<T: 'static> LocalKey<T> {
- #[doc(hidden)]
- #[unstable(feature = "thread_local_internals",
- reason = "recently added to create a key",
- issue = "0")]
- pub const unsafe fn new(inner: unsafe fn() -> Option<&'static UnsafeCell<Option<T>>>,
- init: fn() -> T) -> LocalKey<T> {
- LocalKey {
- inner,
- init,
- }
- }
-
- /// Acquires a reference to the value in this TLS key.
- ///
- /// This will lazily initialize the value if this thread has not referenced
- /// this key yet.
- ///
- /// # Panics
- ///
- /// This function will `panic!()` if the key currently has its
- /// destructor running, and it **may** panic if the destructor has
- /// previously been run for this thread.
- #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
- pub fn with<F, R>(&'static self, f: F) -> R
- where F: FnOnce(&T) -> R {
- self.try_with(f).expect("cannot access a TLS value during or \
- after it is destroyed")
- }
-
- unsafe fn init(&self, slot: &UnsafeCell<Option<T>>) -> &T {
- // Execute the initialization up front, *then* move it into our slot,
- // just in case initialization fails.
- let value = (self.init)();
- let ptr = slot.get();
-
- // note that this can in theory just be `*ptr = Some(value)`, but due to
- // the compiler will currently codegen that pattern with something like:
- //
- // ptr::drop_in_place(ptr)
- // ptr::write(ptr, Some(value))
- //
- // Due to this pattern it's possible for the destructor of the value in
- // `ptr` (e.g. if this is being recursively initialized) to re-access
- // TLS, in which case there will be a `&` and `&mut` pointer to the same
- // value (an aliasing violation). To avoid setting the "I'm running a
- // destructor" flag we just use `mem::replace` which should sequence the
- // operations a little differently and make this safe to call.
- mem::replace(&mut *ptr, Some(value));
-
- (*ptr).as_ref().unwrap()
- }
-
- /// Acquires a reference to the value in this TLS key.
- ///
- /// This will lazily initialize the value if this thread has not referenced
- /// this key yet. If the key has been destroyed (which may happen if this is called
- /// in a destructor), this function will return an [`AccessError`](struct.AccessError.html).
- ///
- /// # Panics
- ///
- /// This function will still `panic!()` if the key is uninitialized and the
- /// key's initializer panics.
- #[stable(feature = "thread_local_try_with", since = "1.26.0")]
- pub fn try_with<F, R>(&'static self, f: F) -> Result<R, AccessError>
- where
- F: FnOnce(&T) -> R,
- {
- unsafe {
- let slot = (self.inner)().ok_or(AccessError {
- _private: (),
- })?;
- Ok(f(match *slot.get() {
- Some(ref inner) => inner,
- None => self.init(slot),
- }))
- }
- }
-}
-
-/// On some platforms like wasm32 there's no threads, so no need to generate
-/// thread locals and we can instead just use plain statics!
-#[doc(hidden)]
-#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
-pub mod statik {
- use cell::UnsafeCell;
- use fmt;
-
- pub struct Key<T> {
- inner: UnsafeCell<Option<T>>,
- }
-
- unsafe impl<T> ::marker::Sync for Key<T> { }
-
- impl<T> fmt::Debug for Key<T> {
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
- f.pad("Key { .. }")
- }
- }
-
- impl<T> Key<T> {
- pub const fn new() -> Key<T> {
- Key {
- inner: UnsafeCell::new(None),
- }
- }
-
- pub unsafe fn get(&self) -> Option<&'static UnsafeCell<Option<T>>> {
- Some(&*(&self.inner as *const _))
- }
- }
-}
-
-#[doc(hidden)]
-#[cfg(target_thread_local)]
-pub mod fast {
- use cell::{Cell, UnsafeCell};
- use fmt;
- use mem;
- use ptr;
- use sys::fast_thread_local::{register_dtor, requires_move_before_drop};
-
- pub struct Key<T> {
- inner: UnsafeCell<Option<T>>,
-
- // Metadata to keep track of the state of the destructor. Remember that
- // these variables are thread-local, not global.
- dtor_registered: Cell<bool>,
- dtor_running: Cell<bool>,
- }
-
- impl<T> fmt::Debug for Key<T> {
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
- f.pad("Key { .. }")
- }
- }
-
- impl<T> Key<T> {
- pub const fn new() -> Key<T> {
- Key {
- inner: UnsafeCell::new(None),
- dtor_registered: Cell::new(false),
- dtor_running: Cell::new(false)
- }
- }
-
- pub unsafe fn get(&self) -> Option<&'static UnsafeCell<Option<T>>> {
- if mem::needs_drop::<T>() && self.dtor_running.get() {
- return None
- }
- self.register_dtor();
- Some(&*(&self.inner as *const _))
- }
-
- unsafe fn register_dtor(&self) {
- if !mem::needs_drop::<T>() || self.dtor_registered.get() {
- return
- }
-
- register_dtor(self as *const _ as *mut u8,
- destroy_value::<T>);
- self.dtor_registered.set(true);
- }
- }
-
- unsafe extern fn destroy_value<T>(ptr: *mut u8) {
- let ptr = ptr as *mut Key<T>;
- // Right before we run the user destructor be sure to flag the
- // destructor as running for this thread so calls to `get` will return
- // `None`.
- (*ptr).dtor_running.set(true);
-
- // Some implementations may require us to move the value before we drop
- // it as it could get re-initialized in-place during destruction.
- //
- // Hence, we use `ptr::read` on those platforms (to move to a "safe"
- // location) instead of drop_in_place.
- if requires_move_before_drop() {
- ptr::read((*ptr).inner.get());
- } else {
- ptr::drop_in_place((*ptr).inner.get());
- }
- }
-}
-
-#[doc(hidden)]
-pub mod os {
- use cell::{Cell, UnsafeCell};
- use fmt;
- use marker;
- use ptr;
- use sys_common::thread_local::StaticKey as OsStaticKey;
-
- pub struct Key<T> {
- // OS-TLS key that we'll use to key off.
- os: OsStaticKey,
- marker: marker::PhantomData<Cell<T>>,
- }
-
- impl<T> fmt::Debug for Key<T> {
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
- f.pad("Key { .. }")
- }
- }
-
- unsafe impl<T> ::marker::Sync for Key<T> { }
-
- struct Value<T: 'static> {
- key: &'static Key<T>,
- value: UnsafeCell<Option<T>>,
- }
-
- impl<T: 'static> Key<T> {
- pub const fn new() -> Key<T> {
- Key {
- os: OsStaticKey::new(Some(destroy_value::<T>)),
- marker: marker::PhantomData
- }
- }
-
- pub unsafe fn get(&'static self) -> Option<&'static UnsafeCell<Option<T>>> {
- let ptr = self.os.get() as *mut Value<T>;
- if !ptr.is_null() {
- if ptr as usize == 1 {
- return None
- }
- return Some(&(*ptr).value);
- }
-
- // If the lookup returned null, we haven't initialized our own
- // local copy, so do that now.
- let ptr: Box<Value<T>> = box Value {
- key: self,
- value: UnsafeCell::new(None),
- };
- let ptr = Box::into_raw(ptr);
- self.os.set(ptr as *mut u8);
- Some(&(*ptr).value)
- }
- }
-
- unsafe extern fn destroy_value<T: 'static>(ptr: *mut u8) {
- // The OS TLS ensures that this key contains a NULL value when this
- // destructor starts to run. We set it back to a sentinel value of 1 to
- // ensure that any future calls to `get` for this thread will return
- // `None`.
- //
- // Note that to prevent an infinite loop we reset it back to null right
- // before we return from the destructor ourselves.
- let ptr = Box::from_raw(ptr as *mut Value<T>);
- let key = ptr.key;
- key.os.set(1 as *mut u8);
- drop(ptr);
- key.os.set(ptr::null_mut());
- }
-}
-
-#[cfg(all(test, not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
-mod tests {
- use sync::mpsc::{channel, Sender};
- use cell::{Cell, UnsafeCell};
- use thread;
-
- struct Foo(Sender<()>);
-
- impl Drop for Foo {
- fn drop(&mut self) {
- let Foo(ref s) = *self;
- s.send(()).unwrap();
- }
- }
-
- #[test]
- fn smoke_no_dtor() {
- thread_local!(static FOO: Cell<i32> = Cell::new(1));
-
- FOO.with(|f| {
- assert_eq!(f.get(), 1);
- f.set(2);
- });
- let (tx, rx) = channel();
- let _t = thread::spawn(move|| {
- FOO.with(|f| {
- assert_eq!(f.get(), 1);
- });
- tx.send(()).unwrap();
- });
- rx.recv().unwrap();
-
- FOO.with(|f| {
- assert_eq!(f.get(), 2);
- });
- }
-
- #[test]
- fn states() {
- struct Foo;
- impl Drop for Foo {
- fn drop(&mut self) {
- assert!(FOO.try_with(|_| ()).is_err());
- }
- }
- thread_local!(static FOO: Foo = Foo);
-
- thread::spawn(|| {
- assert!(FOO.try_with(|_| ()).is_ok());
- }).join().ok().unwrap();
- }
-
- #[test]
- fn smoke_dtor() {
- thread_local!(static FOO: UnsafeCell<Option<Foo>> = UnsafeCell::new(None));
-
- let (tx, rx) = channel();
- let _t = thread::spawn(move|| unsafe {
- let mut tx = Some(tx);
- FOO.with(|f| {
- *f.get() = Some(Foo(tx.take().unwrap()));
- });
- });
- rx.recv().unwrap();
- }
-
- #[test]
- fn circular() {
- struct S1;
- struct S2;
- thread_local!(static K1: UnsafeCell<Option<S1>> = UnsafeCell::new(None));
- thread_local!(static K2: UnsafeCell<Option<S2>> = UnsafeCell::new(None));
- static mut HITS: u32 = 0;
-
- impl Drop for S1 {
- fn drop(&mut self) {
- unsafe {
- HITS += 1;
- if K2.try_with(|_| ()).is_err() {
- assert_eq!(HITS, 3);
- } else {
- if HITS == 1 {
- K2.with(|s| *s.get() = Some(S2));
- } else {
- assert_eq!(HITS, 3);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- impl Drop for S2 {
- fn drop(&mut self) {
- unsafe {
- HITS += 1;
- assert!(K1.try_with(|_| ()).is_ok());
- assert_eq!(HITS, 2);
- K1.with(|s| *s.get() = Some(S1));
- }
- }
- }
-
- thread::spawn(move|| {
- drop(S1);
- }).join().ok().unwrap();
- }
-
- #[test]
- fn self_referential() {
- struct S1;
- thread_local!(static K1: UnsafeCell<Option<S1>> = UnsafeCell::new(None));
-
- impl Drop for S1 {
- fn drop(&mut self) {
- assert!(K1.try_with(|_| ()).is_err());
- }
- }
-
- thread::spawn(move|| unsafe {
- K1.with(|s| *s.get() = Some(S1));
- }).join().ok().unwrap();
- }
-
- // Note that this test will deadlock if TLS destructors aren't run (this
- // requires the destructor to be run to pass the test). macOS has a known bug
- // where dtors-in-dtors may cancel other destructors, so we just ignore this
- // test on macOS.
- #[test]
- #[cfg_attr(target_os = "macos", ignore)]
- fn dtors_in_dtors_in_dtors() {
- struct S1(Sender<()>);
- thread_local!(static K1: UnsafeCell<Option<S1>> = UnsafeCell::new(None));
- thread_local!(static K2: UnsafeCell<Option<Foo>> = UnsafeCell::new(None));
-
- impl Drop for S1 {
- fn drop(&mut self) {
- let S1(ref tx) = *self;
- unsafe {
- let _ = K2.try_with(|s| *s.get() = Some(Foo(tx.clone())));
- }
- }
- }
-
- let (tx, rx) = channel();
- let _t = thread::spawn(move|| unsafe {
- let mut tx = Some(tx);
- K1.with(|s| *s.get() = Some(S1(tx.take().unwrap())));
- });
- rx.recv().unwrap();
- }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod dynamic_tests {
- use cell::RefCell;
- use collections::HashMap;
-
- #[test]
- fn smoke() {
- fn square(i: i32) -> i32 { i * i }
- thread_local!(static FOO: i32 = square(3));
-
- FOO.with(|f| {
- assert_eq!(*f, 9);
- });
- }
-
- #[test]
- fn hashmap() {
- fn map() -> RefCell<HashMap<i32, i32>> {
- let mut m = HashMap::new();
- m.insert(1, 2);
- RefCell::new(m)
- }
- thread_local!(static FOO: RefCell<HashMap<i32, i32>> = map());
-
- FOO.with(|map| {
- assert_eq!(map.borrow()[&1], 2);
- });
- }
-
- #[test]
- fn refcell_vec() {
- thread_local!(static FOO: RefCell<Vec<u32>> = RefCell::new(vec![1, 2, 3]));
-
- FOO.with(|vec| {
- assert_eq!(vec.borrow().len(), 3);
- vec.borrow_mut().push(4);
- assert_eq!(vec.borrow()[3], 4);
- });
- }
-}