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// FILE: stack1.h (part of the namespace main_savitch_7A)
// TEMPLATE CLASS PROVIDED: stack<Item>
//
// TEMPLATE PARAMETER, TYPEDEFS and MEMBER CONSTANTS for the stack<Item> class:
// The template parameter, Item, is the data type of the items in the stack,
// also defined as stack<Item>::value_type. It may be any of the C++ built-in
// types (int, char, etc.), or a class with a default constructor, a copy
// constructor, and an assignment operator. The definition
// stack<Item>::size_type is the data type of any variable that keeps track of
// how many items are in a stack. The static const CAPACITY is the
// maximum capacity of a stack for this first stack implementation.
// NOTE:
// Many compilers require the use of the new keyword typename before using
// the expressions stack<Item>::value_type and stack<Item>::size_type.
// Otherwise the compiler doesn't have enough information to realize that it
// is the name of a data type.
//
// CONSTRUCTOR for the stack<Item> template class:
// stack( )
// Postcondition: The stack has been initialized as an empty stack.
//
// MODIFICATION MEMBER FUNCTIONS for the stack<Item> class:
// void push(const Item& entry)
// Precondition: size( ) < CAPACITY.
// Postcondition: A new copy of entry has been pushed onto the stack.
//
// Item pop( )
// Precondition: size( ) > 0.
// Postcondition: The top item of the stack has been removed.
//
// CONSTANT MEMBER FUNCTIONS for the stack<Item> class:
// bool empty( ) const
// Postcondition: Return value is true if the stack is empty.
//
// size_type size( ) const
// Postcondition: Return value is the total number of items in the stack.
//
// Item top( )
// Precondition: size( ) > 0.
// Postcondition: The return value is the top item of the stack but the
// stack is unchanged. This differs slightly from the STL stack (where
// the top function returns a reference to the item on top of the stack).
//
// VALUE SEMANTICS for the stack<Item> class:
// Assignments and the copy constructor may be used with stack<Item>
// objects.
#ifndef MAIN_SAVITCH_STACK1_H
#define MAIN_SAVITCH_STACK1_H
#include <cstdlib> // Provides size_t
namespace main_savitch_7A
{
template <class Item>
class stack
{
public:
// TYPEDEFS AND MEMBER CONSTANT -- See Appendix E if this fails to compile.
typedef std::size_t size_type;
typedef Item value_type;
static const size_type CAPACITY = 30;
// CONSTRUCTOR
stack( ) { used = 0; }
// MODIFICATION MEMBER FUNCTIONS
void push(const Item& entry);
void pop( );
// CONSTANT MEMBER FUNCTIONS
bool empty( ) const { return (used == 0); }
size_type size( ) const { return used; }
Item top( ) const;
private:
Item data[CAPACITY]; // Partially filled array
size_type used; // How much of array is being used
};
}
#include "stack1.template" // Include the implementation.
#endif
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