1HEADmaster

1 files changed, 4333 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tier1/strtools.cpp b/tier1/strtools.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a63fa4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tier1/strtools.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,4333 @@
+//========= Copyright Valve Corporation, All rights reserved. ============//
+//
+// Purpose: String Tools
+//
+//===========================================================================//
+
+// These are redefined in the project settings to prevent anyone from using them.
+// We in this module are of a higher caste and thus are privileged in their use.
+#ifdef strncpy
+	#undef strncpy
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _snprintf
+	#undef _snprintf
+#endif
+
+#if defined( sprintf )
+	#undef sprintf
+#endif
+
+#if defined( vsprintf )
+	#undef vsprintf
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _vsnprintf
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	#undef _vsnprintf
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef vsnprintf
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	#undef vsnprintf
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined( strcat )
+	#undef strcat
+#endif
+
+#ifdef strncat
+	#undef strncat
+#endif
+
+// NOTE: I have to include stdio + stdarg first so vsnprintf gets compiled in
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+#ifdef POSIX
+#include <iconv.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#define _getcwd getcwd
+#elif _WIN32
+#include <direct.h>
+#if !defined( _X360 )
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifndef CP_UTF8
+#define CP_UTF8 65001
+#endif
+#endif
+#include "tier0/dbg.h"
+#include "tier1/strtools.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include "tier0/basetypes.h"
+#include "tier1/utldict.h"
+#include "tier1/utlbuffer.h"
+#include "tier1/utlstring.h"
+#include "tier1/fmtstr.h"
+#if defined( _X360 )
+#include "xbox/xbox_win32stubs.h"
+#endif
+#include "tier0/memdbgon.h"
+
+static int FastToLower( char c )
+{
+	int i = (unsigned char) c;
+	if ( i < 0x80 )
+	{
+		// Brutally fast branchless ASCII tolower():
+		i += (((('A'-1) - i) & (i - ('Z'+1))) >> 26) & 0x20;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		i += isupper( i ) ? 0x20 : 0;
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+void _V_memset (const char* file, int line, void *dest, int fill, int count)
+{
+	Assert( count >= 0 );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( dest, count );
+
+	memset(dest,fill,count);
+}
+
+void _V_memcpy (const char* file, int line, void *dest, const void *src, int count)
+{
+	Assert( count >= 0 );
+	AssertValidReadPtr( src, count );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( dest, count );
+
+	memcpy( dest, src, count );
+}
+
+void _V_memmove(const char* file, int line, void *dest, const void *src, int count)
+{
+	Assert( count >= 0 );
+	AssertValidReadPtr( src, count );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( dest, count );
+
+	memmove( dest, src, count );
+}
+
+int _V_memcmp (const char* file, int line, const void *m1, const void *m2, int count)
+{
+	Assert( count >= 0 );
+	AssertValidReadPtr( m1, count );
+	AssertValidReadPtr( m2, count );
+
+	return memcmp( m1, m2, count );
+}
+
+int	_V_strlen(const char* file, int line, const char *str)
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr(str);
+	return strlen( str );
+}
+
+void _V_strcpy (const char* file, int line, char *dest, const char *src)
+{
+	AssertValidWritePtr(dest);
+	AssertValidStringPtr(src);
+
+	strcpy( dest, src );
+}
+
+int	_V_wcslen(const char* file, int line, const wchar_t *pwch)
+{
+	return wcslen( pwch );
+}
+
+char *_V_strrchr(const char* file, int line, const char *s, char c)
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( s );
+    int len = V_strlen(s);
+    s += len;
+    while (len--)
+	if (*--s == c) return (char *)s;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _V_strcmp (const char* file, int line, const char *s1, const char *s2)
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( s1 );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( s2 );
+
+	return strcmp( s1, s2 );
+}
+
+int _V_wcscmp (const char* file, int line, const wchar_t *s1, const wchar_t *s2)
+{
+	AssertValidReadPtr( s1 );
+	AssertValidReadPtr( s2 );
+
+	while ( *s1 == *s2 )
+	{
+		if ( !*s1 )
+			return 0;			// strings are equal
+
+		s1++;
+		s2++;
+	}
+
+	return *s1 > *s2 ? 1 : -1;	// strings not equal
+}
+
+
+char *_V_strstr(const char* file, int line,  const char *s1, const char *search )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( s1 );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( search );
+
+#if defined( _X360 )
+	return (char *)strstr( (char *)s1, search );
+#else
+	return (char *)strstr( s1, search );
+#endif
+}
+
+wchar_t *_V_wcsupr (const char* file, int line, wchar_t *start)
+{
+	return _wcsupr( start );
+}
+
+
+wchar_t *_V_wcslower (const char* file, int line, wchar_t *start)
+{
+	return _wcslwr(start);
+}
+
+
+
+char *V_strupr( char *start )
+{
+	unsigned char *str = (unsigned char*)start;
+	while( *str )
+	{
+		if ( (unsigned char)(*str - 'a') <= ('z' - 'a') )
+			*str -= 'a' - 'A';
+		else if ( (unsigned char)*str >= 0x80 ) // non-ascii, fall back to CRT
+			*str = toupper( *str );
+		str++;
+	}
+	return start;
+}
+
+char *V_strlower( char *start )
+{
+	unsigned char *str = (unsigned char*)start;
+	while( *str )
+	{
+		if ( (unsigned char)(*str - 'A') <= ('Z' - 'A') )
+			*str += 'a' - 'A';
+		else if ( (unsigned char)*str >= 0x80 ) // non-ascii, fall back to CRT
+			*str = tolower( *str );
+		str++;
+	}
+	return start;
+}
+
+char *V_strnlwr(char *s, size_t count)
+{
+	// Assert( count >= 0 ); tautology since size_t is unsigned
+	AssertValidStringPtr( s, count );
+
+	char* pRet = s;
+	if ( !s || !count )
+		return s;
+
+	while ( -- count > 0 )
+	{
+		if ( !*s )
+			return pRet; // reached end of string
+
+		*s = tolower( *s );
+		++s;
+	}
+
+	*s = 0; // null-terminate original string at "count-1"
+	return pRet;
+}
+
+int V_stricmp( const char *str1, const char *str2 )
+{
+	// It is not uncommon to compare a string to itself. See
+	// VPanelWrapper::GetPanel which does this a lot. Since stricmp
+	// is expensive and pointer comparison is cheap, this simple test
+	// can save a lot of cycles, and cache pollution.
+	if ( str1 == str2 )
+	{
+		return 0;
+	}
+	const unsigned char *s1 = (const unsigned char*)str1;
+	const unsigned char *s2 = (const unsigned char*)str2;
+	for ( ; *s1; ++s1, ++s2 )
+	{
+		if ( *s1 != *s2 )
+		{
+			// in ascii char set, lowercase = uppercase | 0x20
+			unsigned char c1 = *s1 | 0x20;
+			unsigned char c2 = *s2 | 0x20;
+			if ( c1 != c2 || (unsigned char)(c1 - 'a') > ('z' - 'a') )
+			{
+				// if non-ascii mismatch, fall back to CRT for locale
+				if ( (c1 | c2) >= 0x80 ) return stricmp( (const char*)s1, (const char*)s2 );
+				// ascii mismatch. only use the | 0x20 value if alphabetic.
+				if ((unsigned char)(c1 - 'a') > ('z' - 'a')) c1 = *s1;
+				if ((unsigned char)(c2 - 'a') > ('z' - 'a')) c2 = *s2;
+				return c1 > c2 ? 1 : -1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return *s2 ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+int V_strnicmp( const char *str1, const char *str2, int n )
+{
+	const unsigned char *s1 = (const unsigned char*)str1;
+	const unsigned char *s2 = (const unsigned char*)str2;
+	for ( ; n > 0 && *s1; --n, ++s1, ++s2 )
+	{
+		if ( *s1 != *s2 )
+		{
+			// in ascii char set, lowercase = uppercase | 0x20
+			unsigned char c1 = *s1 | 0x20;
+			unsigned char c2 = *s2 | 0x20;
+			if ( c1 != c2 || (unsigned char)(c1 - 'a') > ('z' - 'a') )
+			{
+				// if non-ascii mismatch, fall back to CRT for locale
+				if ( (c1 | c2) >= 0x80 ) return strnicmp( (const char*)s1, (const char*)s2, n );
+				// ascii mismatch. only use the | 0x20 value if alphabetic.
+				if ((unsigned char)(c1 - 'a') > ('z' - 'a')) c1 = *s1;
+				if ((unsigned char)(c2 - 'a') > ('z' - 'a')) c2 = *s2;
+				return c1 > c2 ? 1 : -1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return (n > 0 && *s2) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+int V_strncmp( const char *s1, const char *s2, int count )
+{
+	Assert( count >= 0 );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( s1, count );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( s2, count );
+
+	while ( count > 0 )
+	{
+		if ( *s1 != *s2 )
+			return (unsigned char)*s1 < (unsigned char)*s2 ? -1 : 1; // string different
+		if ( *s1 == '\0' )
+			return 0; // null terminator hit - strings the same
+		s1++;
+		s2++;
+		count--;
+	}
+
+	return 0; // count characters compared the same
+}
+
+
+const char *StringAfterPrefix( const char *str, const char *prefix )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( str );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( prefix );
+	do
+	{
+		if ( !*prefix )
+			return str;
+	}
+	while ( FastToLower( *str++ ) == FastToLower( *prefix++ ) );
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+const char *StringAfterPrefixCaseSensitive( const char *str, const char *prefix )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( str );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( prefix );
+	do
+	{
+		if ( !*prefix )
+			return str;
+	}
+	while ( *str++ == *prefix++ );
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+
+int64 V_atoi64( const char *str )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( str );
+
+	int64             val;
+	int64             sign;
+	int64             c;
+	
+	Assert( str );
+	if (*str == '-')
+	{
+		sign = -1;
+		str++;
+	}
+	else if (*str == '+')
+	{
+		sign = 1;
+		str++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		sign = 1;
+	}
+		
+	val = 0;
+
+//
+// check for hex
+//
+	if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X') )
+	{
+		str += 2;
+		while (1)
+		{
+			c = *str++;
+			if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+				val = (val<<4) + c - '0';
+			else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+				val = (val<<4) + c - 'a' + 10;
+			else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
+				val = (val<<4) + c - 'A' + 10;
+			else
+				return val*sign;
+		}
+	}
+	
+//
+// check for character
+//
+	if (str[0] == '\'')
+	{
+		return sign * str[1];
+	}
+	
+//
+// assume decimal
+//
+	while (1)
+	{
+		c = *str++;
+		if (c <'0' || c > '9')
+			return val*sign;
+		val = val*10 + c - '0';
+	}
+	
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint64 V_atoui64( const char *str )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( str );
+
+	uint64             val;
+	uint64             c;
+
+	Assert( str );
+
+	val = 0;
+
+	//
+	// check for hex
+	//
+	if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X') )
+	{
+		str += 2;
+		while (1)
+		{
+			c = *str++;
+			if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+				val = (val<<4) + c - '0';
+			else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+				val = (val<<4) + c - 'a' + 10;
+			else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
+				val = (val<<4) + c - 'A' + 10;
+			else
+				return val;
+		}
+	}
+
+	//
+	// check for character
+	//
+	if (str[0] == '\'')
+	{
+		return str[1];
+	}
+
+	//
+	// assume decimal
+	//
+	while (1)
+	{
+		c = *str++;
+		if (c <'0' || c > '9')
+			return val;
+		val = val*10 + c - '0';
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int V_atoi( const char *str )
+{ 
+	return (int)V_atoi64( str );
+}
+
+float V_atof (const char *str)
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( str );
+	double			val;
+	int             sign;
+	int             c;
+	int             decimal, total;
+
+	if (*str == '-')
+	{
+		sign = -1;
+		str++;
+	}
+	else if (*str == '+')
+	{
+		sign = 1;
+		str++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		sign = 1;
+	}
+
+	val = 0;
+
+	//
+	// check for hex
+	//
+	if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X') )
+	{
+		str += 2;
+		while (1)
+		{
+			c = *str++;
+			if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+				val = (val*16) + c - '0';
+			else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+				val = (val*16) + c - 'a' + 10;
+			else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
+				val = (val*16) + c - 'A' + 10;
+			else
+				return val*sign;
+		}
+	}
+
+	//
+	// check for character
+	//
+	if (str[0] == '\'')
+	{
+		return sign * str[1];
+	}
+
+	//
+	// assume decimal
+	//
+	decimal = -1;
+	total = 0;
+	int exponent = 0;
+	while (1)
+	{
+		c = *str++;
+		if (c == '.')
+		{
+			if ( decimal != -1 )
+			{
+				break;
+			}
+
+			decimal = total;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (c <'0' || c > '9')
+		{
+			if ( c == 'e' || c == 'E' )
+			{
+				exponent = V_atoi(str);
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		val = val*10 + c - '0';
+		total++;
+	}
+
+	if ( exponent != 0 )
+	{
+		val *= pow( 10.0, exponent );
+	}
+	if (decimal == -1)
+		return val*sign;
+	while (total > decimal)
+	{
+		val /= 10;
+		total--;
+	}
+
+	return val*sign;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Normalizes a float string in place.  
+//
+// (removes leading zeros, trailing zeros after the decimal point, and the decimal point itself where possible)
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_normalizeFloatString( char* pFloat )
+{
+	// If we have a decimal point, remove trailing zeroes:
+	if( strchr( pFloat,'.' ) )
+	{
+		int len = V_strlen(pFloat);
+
+		while( len > 1 && pFloat[len - 1] == '0' )
+		{
+			pFloat[len - 1] = '\0';
+			len--;
+		}
+
+		if( len > 1 && pFloat[ len - 1 ] == '.' )
+		{
+			pFloat[len - 1] = '\0';
+			len--;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Strip leading zeros
+
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Finds a string in another string with a case insensitive test
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+char const* V_stristr( char const* pStr, char const* pSearch )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr(pStr);
+	AssertValidStringPtr(pSearch);
+
+	if (!pStr || !pSearch) 
+		return 0;
+
+	char const* pLetter = pStr;
+
+	// Check the entire string
+	while (*pLetter != 0)
+	{
+		// Skip over non-matches
+		if (FastToLower((unsigned char)*pLetter) == FastToLower((unsigned char)*pSearch))
+		{
+			// Check for match
+			char const* pMatch = pLetter + 1;
+			char const* pTest = pSearch + 1;
+			while (*pTest != 0)
+			{
+				// We've run off the end; don't bother.
+				if (*pMatch == 0)
+					return 0;
+
+				if (FastToLower((unsigned char)*pMatch) != FastToLower((unsigned char)*pTest))
+					break;
+
+				++pMatch;
+				++pTest;
+			}
+
+			// Found a match!
+			if (*pTest == 0)
+				return pLetter;
+		}
+
+		++pLetter;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char* V_stristr( char* pStr, char const* pSearch )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pStr );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pSearch );
+
+	return (char*)V_stristr( (char const*)pStr, pSearch );
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Finds a string in another string with a case insensitive test w/ length validation
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+char const* V_strnistr( char const* pStr, char const* pSearch, int n )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr(pStr);
+	AssertValidStringPtr(pSearch);
+
+	if (!pStr || !pSearch) 
+		return 0;
+
+	char const* pLetter = pStr;
+
+	// Check the entire string
+	while (*pLetter != 0)
+	{
+		if ( n <= 0 )
+			return 0;
+
+		// Skip over non-matches
+		if (FastToLower(*pLetter) == FastToLower(*pSearch))
+		{
+			int n1 = n - 1;
+
+			// Check for match
+			char const* pMatch = pLetter + 1;
+			char const* pTest = pSearch + 1;
+			while (*pTest != 0)
+			{
+				if ( n1 <= 0 )
+					return 0;
+
+				// We've run off the end; don't bother.
+				if (*pMatch == 0)
+					return 0;
+
+				if (FastToLower(*pMatch) != FastToLower(*pTest))
+					break;
+
+				++pMatch;
+				++pTest;
+				--n1;
+			}
+
+			// Found a match!
+			if (*pTest == 0)
+				return pLetter;
+		}
+
+		++pLetter;
+		--n;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const char* V_strnchr( const char* pStr, char c, int n )
+{
+	char const* pLetter = pStr;
+	char const* pLast = pStr + n;
+
+	// Check the entire string
+	while ( (pLetter < pLast) && (*pLetter != 0) )
+	{
+		if (*pLetter == c)
+			return pLetter;
+		++pLetter;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void V_strncpy( char *pDest, char const *pSrc, int maxLen )
+{
+	Assert( maxLen >= sizeof( *pDest ) );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( pDest, maxLen );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pSrc );
+
+	strncpy( pDest, pSrc, maxLen );
+	if ( maxLen > 0 )
+	{
+		pDest[maxLen-1] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+// warning C6053: Call to 'wcsncpy' might not zero-terminate string 'pDest'
+// warning C6059: Incorrect length parameter in call to 'strncat'. Pass the number of remaining characters, not the buffer size of 'argument 1'
+// warning C6386: Buffer overrun: accessing 'argument 1', the writable size is 'destBufferSize' bytes, but '1000' bytes might be written
+// These warnings were investigated through code inspection and writing of tests and they are
+// believed to all be spurious.
+#ifdef _PREFAST_
+#pragma warning( push )
+#pragma warning( disable : 6053 6059 6386 )
+#endif
+
+void V_wcsncpy( wchar_t *pDest, wchar_t const *pSrc, int maxLenInBytes )
+{
+	Assert( maxLenInBytes >= sizeof( *pDest ) );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( pDest, maxLenInBytes );
+	AssertValidReadPtr( pSrc );
+
+	int maxLen = maxLenInBytes / sizeof(wchar_t);
+
+	wcsncpy( pDest, pSrc, maxLen );
+	if( maxLen )
+	{
+		pDest[maxLen-1] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+int V_snwprintf( wchar_t *pDest, int maxLen, const wchar_t *pFormat, ... )
+{
+	Assert( maxLen > 0 );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( pDest, maxLen );
+	AssertValidReadPtr( pFormat );
+
+	va_list marker;
+
+	va_start( marker, pFormat );
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	int len = _vsnwprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, marker );
+#elif POSIX
+	int len = vswprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, marker );
+#else
+#error "define vsnwprintf type."
+#endif
+	va_end( marker );
+
+	// Len > maxLen represents an overflow on POSIX, < 0 is an overflow on windows
+	if( len < 0 || len >= maxLen )
+	{
+		len = maxLen;
+		pDest[maxLen-1] = 0;
+	}
+	
+	return len;
+}
+
+
+int V_vsnwprintf( wchar_t *pDest, int maxLen, const wchar_t *pFormat, va_list params )
+{
+	Assert( maxLen > 0 );
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	int len = _vsnwprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, params );
+#elif POSIX
+	int len = vswprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, params );
+#else
+#error "define vsnwprintf type."
+#endif
+
+	// Len < 0 represents an overflow
+	// Len == maxLen represents exactly fitting with no NULL termination
+	// Len >= maxLen represents overflow on POSIX
+	if ( len < 0 || len >= maxLen )
+	{
+		len = maxLen;
+		pDest[maxLen-1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+
+int V_snprintf( char *pDest, int maxLen, char const *pFormat, ... )
+{
+	Assert( maxLen > 0 );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( pDest, maxLen );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pFormat );
+
+	va_list marker;
+
+	va_start( marker, pFormat );
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	int len = _vsnprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, marker );
+#elif POSIX
+	int len = vsnprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, marker );
+#else
+	#error "define vsnprintf type."
+#endif
+	va_end( marker );
+
+	// Len > maxLen represents an overflow on POSIX, < 0 is an overflow on windows
+	if( len < 0 || len >= maxLen )
+	{
+		len = maxLen;
+		pDest[maxLen-1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+
+int V_vsnprintf( char *pDest, int maxLen, char const *pFormat, va_list params )
+{
+	Assert( maxLen > 0 );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( pDest, maxLen );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pFormat );
+
+	int len = _vsnprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, params );
+
+	// Len > maxLen represents an overflow on POSIX, < 0 is an overflow on windows
+	if( len < 0 || len >= maxLen )
+	{
+		len = maxLen;
+		pDest[maxLen-1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+
+int V_vsnprintfRet( char *pDest, int maxLen, const char *pFormat, va_list params, bool *pbTruncated )
+{
+	Assert( maxLen > 0 );
+	AssertValidWritePtr( pDest, maxLen );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pFormat );
+
+	int len = _vsnprintf( pDest, maxLen, pFormat, params );
+
+	if ( pbTruncated )
+	{
+		*pbTruncated = ( len < 0 || len >= maxLen );
+	}
+
+	if	( len < 0 || len >= maxLen )
+	{
+		len = maxLen;
+		pDest[maxLen-1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: If COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS == max_chars_to_copy then we try to add the whole pSrc to the end of pDest, otherwise
+//  we copy only as many characters as are specified in max_chars_to_copy (or the # of characters in pSrc if thats's less).
+// Input  : *pDest - destination buffer
+//			*pSrc - string to append
+//			destBufferSize - sizeof the buffer pointed to by pDest
+//			max_chars_to_copy - COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS in pSrc or max # to copy
+// Output : char * the copied buffer
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+char *V_strncat(char *pDest, const char *pSrc, size_t destBufferSize, int max_chars_to_copy )
+{
+	size_t charstocopy = (size_t)0;
+
+	Assert( (ptrdiff_t)destBufferSize >= 0 );
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pDest);
+	AssertValidStringPtr( pSrc );
+	
+	size_t len = strlen(pDest);
+	size_t srclen = strlen( pSrc );
+	if ( max_chars_to_copy <= COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS )
+	{
+		charstocopy = srclen;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		charstocopy = (size_t)min( max_chars_to_copy, (int)srclen );
+	}
+
+	if ( len + charstocopy >= destBufferSize )
+	{
+		charstocopy = destBufferSize - len - 1;
+	}
+
+	if ( (int)charstocopy <= 0 )
+	{
+		return pDest;
+	}
+
+	ANALYZE_SUPPRESS( 6059 ); // warning C6059: : Incorrect length parameter in call to 'strncat'. Pass the number of remaining characters, not the buffer size of 'argument 1'
+	char *pOut = strncat( pDest, pSrc, charstocopy );
+	return pOut;
+}
+
+wchar_t *V_wcsncat( INOUT_Z_CAP(cchDest) wchar_t *pDest, const wchar_t *pSrc, size_t cchDest, int max_chars_to_copy )
+{
+	size_t charstocopy = (size_t)0;
+
+	Assert( (ptrdiff_t)cchDest >= 0 );
+	
+	size_t len = wcslen(pDest);
+	size_t srclen = wcslen( pSrc );
+	if ( max_chars_to_copy <= COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS )
+	{
+		charstocopy = srclen;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		charstocopy = (size_t)min( max_chars_to_copy, (int)srclen );
+	}
+
+	if ( len + charstocopy >= cchDest )
+	{
+		charstocopy = cchDest - len - 1;
+	}
+
+	if ( (int)charstocopy <= 0 )
+	{
+		return pDest;
+	}
+
+	ANALYZE_SUPPRESS( 6059 ); // warning C6059: : Incorrect length parameter in call to 'strncat'. Pass the number of remaining characters, not the buffer size of 'argument 1'
+	wchar_t *pOut = wcsncat( pDest, pSrc, charstocopy );
+	return pOut;
+}
+
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Converts value into x.xx MB/ x.xx KB, x.xx bytes format, including commas
+// Input  : value - 
+//			2 - 
+//			false - 
+// Output : char
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define NUM_PRETIFYMEM_BUFFERS 8
+char *V_pretifymem( float value, int digitsafterdecimal /*= 2*/, bool usebinaryonek /*= false*/ )
+{
+	static char output[ NUM_PRETIFYMEM_BUFFERS ][ 32 ];
+	static int  current;
+
+	float		onekb = usebinaryonek ? 1024.0f : 1000.0f;
+	float		onemb = onekb * onekb;
+
+	char *out = output[ current ];
+	current = ( current + 1 ) & ( NUM_PRETIFYMEM_BUFFERS -1 );
+
+	char suffix[ 8 ];
+
+	// First figure out which bin to use
+	if ( value > onemb )
+	{
+		value /= onemb;
+		V_snprintf( suffix, sizeof( suffix ), " MB" );
+	}
+	else if ( value > onekb )
+	{
+		value /= onekb;
+		V_snprintf( suffix, sizeof( suffix ), " KB" );
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		V_snprintf( suffix, sizeof( suffix ), " bytes" );
+	}
+
+	char val[ 32 ];
+
+	// Clamp to >= 0
+	digitsafterdecimal = max( digitsafterdecimal, 0 );
+
+	// If it's basically integral, don't do any decimals
+	if ( FloatMakePositive( value - (int)value ) < 0.00001 )
+	{
+		V_snprintf( val, sizeof( val ), "%i%s", (int)value, suffix );
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		char fmt[ 32 ];
+
+		// Otherwise, create a format string for the decimals
+		V_snprintf( fmt, sizeof( fmt ), "%%.%if%s", digitsafterdecimal, suffix );
+		V_snprintf( val, sizeof( val ), fmt, value );
+	}
+
+	// Copy from in to out
+	char *i = val;
+	char *o = out;
+
+	// Search for decimal or if it was integral, find the space after the raw number
+	char *dot = strstr( i, "." );
+	if ( !dot )
+	{
+		dot = strstr( i, " " );
+	}
+
+	// Compute position of dot
+	int pos = dot - i;
+	// Don't put a comma if it's <= 3 long
+	pos -= 3;
+
+	while ( *i )
+	{
+		// If pos is still valid then insert a comma every third digit, except if we would be
+		//  putting one in the first spot
+		if ( pos >= 0 && !( pos % 3 ) )
+		{
+			// Never in first spot
+			if ( o != out )
+			{
+				*o++ = ',';
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Count down comma position
+		pos--;
+
+		// Copy rest of data as normal
+		*o++ = *i++;
+	}
+
+	// Terminate
+	*o = 0;
+
+	return out;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Returns a string representation of an integer with commas
+//			separating the 1000s (ie, 37,426,421)
+// Input  : value -		Value to convert
+// Output : Pointer to a static buffer containing the output
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define NUM_PRETIFYNUM_BUFFERS 8 // Must be a power of two
+char *V_pretifynum( int64 inputValue )
+{
+	static char output[ NUM_PRETIFYMEM_BUFFERS ][ 32 ];
+	static int  current;
+
+	// Point to the output buffer.
+	char * const out = output[ current ];
+	// Track the output buffer end for easy calculation of bytes-remaining.
+	const char* const outEnd = out + sizeof( output[ current ] );
+
+	// Point to the current output location in the output buffer.
+	char *pchRender = out;
+	// Move to the next output pointer.
+	current = ( current + 1 ) & ( NUM_PRETIFYMEM_BUFFERS -1 );
+
+	*out = 0;
+
+	// In order to handle the most-negative int64 we need to negate it
+	// into a uint64.
+	uint64 value;
+	// Render the leading minus sign, if necessary
+	if ( inputValue < 0 )
+	{
+		V_snprintf( pchRender, 32, "-" );
+		value = (uint64)-inputValue;
+		// Advance our output pointer.
+		pchRender += V_strlen( pchRender );
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		value = (uint64)inputValue;
+	}
+
+	// Now let's find out how big our number is. The largest number we can fit
+	// into 63 bits is about 9.2e18. So, there could potentially be six
+	// three-digit groups.
+
+	// We need the initial value of 'divisor' to be big enough to divide our
+	// number down to 1-999 range.
+	uint64 divisor = 1;
+	// Loop more than six times to avoid integer overflow.
+	for ( int i = 0; i < 6; ++i )
+	{
+		// If our divisor is already big enough then stop.
+		if ( value < divisor * 1000 )
+			break;
+
+		divisor *= 1000;
+	}
+
+	// Print the leading batch of one to three digits.
+	int toPrint = value / divisor;
+	V_snprintf( pchRender, outEnd - pchRender, "%d", toPrint );
+
+	for (;;)
+	{
+		// Advance our output pointer.
+		pchRender += V_strlen( pchRender );
+		// Adjust our value to be printed and our divisor.
+		value -= toPrint * divisor;
+		divisor /= 1000;
+		if ( !divisor )
+			break;
+
+		// The remaining blocks of digits always include a comma and three digits.
+		toPrint = value / divisor;
+		V_snprintf( pchRender, outEnd - pchRender, ",%03d", toPrint );
+	}
+
+	return out;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: returns true if a wide character is a "mean" space; that is,
+//			if it is technically a space or punctuation, but causes disruptive
+//			behavior when used in names, web pages, chat windows, etc.
+//
+//			characters in this set are removed from the beginning and/or end of strings
+//			by Q_AggressiveStripPrecedingAndTrailingWhitespaceW() 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool Q_IsMeanSpaceW( wchar_t wch )
+{
+	bool bIsMean = false;
+
+	switch ( wch )
+	{
+	case L'\x0082':	  // BREAK PERMITTED HERE
+	case L'\x0083':	  // NO BREAK PERMITTED HERE
+	case L'\x00A0':	  // NO-BREAK SPACE
+	case L'\x034F':   // COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
+	case L'\x2000':   // EN QUAD
+	case L'\x2001':   // EM QUAD
+	case L'\x2002':   // EN SPACE
+	case L'\x2003':   // EM SPACE
+	case L'\x2004':   // THICK SPACE
+	case L'\x2005':   // MID SPACE
+	case L'\x2006':   // SIX SPACE
+	case L'\x2007':   // figure space
+	case L'\x2008':   // PUNCTUATION SPACE
+	case L'\x2009':   // THIN SPACE
+	case L'\x200A':   // HAIR SPACE
+	case L'\x200B':   // ZERO-WIDTH SPACE
+	case L'\x200C':   // ZERO-WIDTH NON-JOINER
+	case L'\x200D':   // ZERO WIDTH JOINER
+	case L'\x200E':	  // LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK
+	case L'\x2028':   // LINE SEPARATOR
+	case L'\x2029':   // PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR
+	case L'\x202F':   // NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE
+	case L'\x2060':   // word joiner
+	case L'\xFEFF':   // ZERO-WIDTH NO BREAK SPACE
+	case L'\xFFFC':   // OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
+		bIsMean = true;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return bIsMean;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: strips trailing whitespace; returns pointer inside string just past
+// any leading whitespace.
+//
+// bAggresive = true causes this function to also check for "mean" spaces,
+// which we don't want in persona names or chat strings as they're disruptive
+// to the user experience.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static wchar_t *StripWhitespaceWorker( int cchLength, wchar_t *pwch, bool *pbStrippedWhitespace, bool bAggressive )
+{
+	// walk backwards from the end of the string, killing any whitespace
+	*pbStrippedWhitespace = false;
+
+	wchar_t *pwchEnd = pwch + cchLength;
+	while ( --pwchEnd >= pwch )
+	{
+		if ( !iswspace( *pwchEnd ) && ( !bAggressive || !Q_IsMeanSpaceW( *pwchEnd ) ) )
+			break;
+
+		*pwchEnd = 0;
+		*pbStrippedWhitespace = true;
+	}
+
+	// walk forward in the string
+	while ( pwch < pwchEnd )
+	{
+		if ( !iswspace( *pwch ) )
+			break;
+
+		*pbStrippedWhitespace = true;
+		pwch++;
+	}
+
+	return pwch;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Strips all evil characters (ie. zero-width no-break space)
+//			from a string.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool Q_RemoveAllEvilCharacters( char *pch )
+{
+	// convert to unicode
+	int cch = Q_strlen( pch );
+	int cubDest = (cch + 1 ) * sizeof( wchar_t );
+	wchar_t *pwch = (wchar_t *)stackalloc( cubDest );
+	int cwch = Q_UTF8ToUnicode( pch, pwch, cubDest ) / sizeof( wchar_t );
+
+	bool bStrippedWhitespace = false;
+
+	// Walk through and skip over evil characters
+	int nWalk = 0;
+	for( int i=0; i<cwch; ++i )
+	{
+		if( !Q_IsMeanSpaceW( pwch[i] ) )
+		{
+			pwch[nWalk] = pwch[i];
+			++nWalk;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			bStrippedWhitespace = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Null terminate
+	pwch[nWalk-1] = L'\0';
+	
+
+	// copy back, if necessary
+	if ( bStrippedWhitespace )
+	{
+		Q_UnicodeToUTF8( pwch, pch, cch );
+	}
+
+	return bStrippedWhitespace;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: strips leading and trailing whitespace
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool Q_StripPrecedingAndTrailingWhitespaceW( wchar_t *pwch )
+{
+	int cch = Q_wcslen( pwch );
+
+	// Early out and don't convert if we don't have any chars or leading/trailing ws.
+	if ( ( cch < 1 ) || ( !iswspace( pwch[ 0 ] ) && !iswspace( pwch[ cch - 1 ] ) ) )
+		return false;
+
+	// duplicate on stack
+	int cubDest = ( cch + 1 ) * sizeof( wchar_t );
+	wchar_t *pwchT = (wchar_t *)stackalloc( cubDest );
+	Q_wcsncpy( pwchT, pwch, cubDest );
+
+	bool bStrippedWhitespace = false;
+	pwchT = StripWhitespaceWorker( cch, pwch, &bStrippedWhitespace, false /* not aggressive */ );
+
+	// copy back, if necessary
+	if ( bStrippedWhitespace )
+	{
+		Q_wcsncpy( pwch, pwchT, cubDest );
+	}
+
+	return bStrippedWhitespace;
+}
+
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: strips leading and trailing whitespace,
+//		and also strips punctuation and formatting characters with "clear"
+//		representations.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool Q_AggressiveStripPrecedingAndTrailingWhitespaceW( wchar_t *pwch )
+{
+	// duplicate on stack
+	int cch = Q_wcslen( pwch );
+	int cubDest = ( cch + 1 ) * sizeof( wchar_t );
+	wchar_t *pwchT = (wchar_t *)stackalloc( cubDest );
+	Q_wcsncpy( pwchT, pwch, cubDest );
+
+	bool bStrippedWhitespace = false;
+	pwchT = StripWhitespaceWorker( cch, pwch, &bStrippedWhitespace, true /* is aggressive */ );
+
+	// copy back, if necessary
+	if ( bStrippedWhitespace )
+	{
+		Q_wcsncpy( pwch, pwchT, cubDest );
+	}
+
+	return bStrippedWhitespace;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: strips leading and trailing whitespace
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool Q_StripPrecedingAndTrailingWhitespace( char *pch )
+{
+	int cch = Q_strlen( pch );
+
+	// Early out and don't convert if we don't have any chars or leading/trailing ws.
+	if ( ( cch < 1 ) || ( !isspace( (unsigned char)pch[ 0 ] ) && !isspace( (unsigned char)pch[ cch - 1 ] ) ) )
+		return false;
+
+	// convert to unicode
+	int cubDest = (cch + 1 ) * sizeof( wchar_t );
+	wchar_t *pwch = (wchar_t *)stackalloc( cubDest );
+	int cwch = Q_UTF8ToUnicode( pch, pwch, cubDest ) / sizeof( wchar_t );
+
+	bool bStrippedWhitespace = false;
+	pwch = StripWhitespaceWorker( cwch-1, pwch, &bStrippedWhitespace, false /* not aggressive */ );
+
+	// copy back, if necessary
+	if ( bStrippedWhitespace )
+	{
+		Q_UnicodeToUTF8( pwch, pch, cch );
+	}
+
+	return bStrippedWhitespace;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: strips leading and trailing whitespace
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool Q_AggressiveStripPrecedingAndTrailingWhitespace( char *pch )
+{
+	// convert to unicode
+	int cch = Q_strlen( pch );
+	int cubDest = (cch + 1 ) * sizeof( wchar_t );
+	wchar_t *pwch = (wchar_t *)stackalloc( cubDest );
+	int cwch = Q_UTF8ToUnicode( pch, pwch, cubDest ) / sizeof( wchar_t );
+
+	bool bStrippedWhitespace = false;
+	pwch = StripWhitespaceWorker( cwch-1, pwch, &bStrippedWhitespace, true /* is aggressive */ );
+
+	// copy back, if necessary
+	if ( bStrippedWhitespace )
+	{
+		Q_UnicodeToUTF8( pwch, pch, cch );
+	}
+
+	return bStrippedWhitespace;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Converts a ucs2 string to a unicode (wchar_t) one, no-op on win32
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int _V_UCS2ToUnicode( const ucs2 *pUCS2, wchar_t *pUnicode, int cubDestSizeInBytes )
+{
+	Assert( cubDestSizeInBytes >= sizeof( *pUnicode ) );
+	AssertValidWritePtr(pUnicode);
+	AssertValidReadPtr(pUCS2);
+	
+	pUnicode[0] = 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	int cchResult = V_wcslen( pUCS2 );
+	V_memcpy( pUnicode, pUCS2, cubDestSizeInBytes );
+#else
+	iconv_t conv_t = iconv_open( "UCS-4LE", "UCS-2LE" );
+	int cchResult = -1;
+	size_t nLenUnicde = cubDestSizeInBytes;
+	size_t nMaxUTF8 = cubDestSizeInBytes;
+	char *pIn = (char *)pUCS2;
+	char *pOut = (char *)pUnicode;
+	if ( conv_t > 0 )
+	{
+		cchResult = iconv( conv_t, &pIn, &nLenUnicde, &pOut, &nMaxUTF8 );
+		iconv_close( conv_t );
+		if ( (int)cchResult < 0 )
+			cchResult = 0;
+		else
+			cchResult = nMaxUTF8;
+	}
+#endif
+	pUnicode[(cubDestSizeInBytes / sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1] = 0;
+	return cchResult;	
+
+}
+
+#ifdef _PREFAST_
+#pragma warning( pop ) // Restore the /analyze warnings
+#endif
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Converts a wchar_t string into a UCS2 string -noop on windows
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int _V_UnicodeToUCS2( const wchar_t *pUnicode, int cubSrcInBytes, char *pUCS2, int cubDestSizeInBytes )
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	// Figure out which buffer is smaller and convert from bytes to character
+	// counts.
+	int cchResult = min( (size_t)cubSrcInBytes/sizeof(wchar_t), cubDestSizeInBytes/sizeof(wchar_t) );
+	wchar_t *pDest = (wchar_t*)pUCS2;
+	wcsncpy( pDest, pUnicode, cchResult );
+	// Make sure we NULL-terminate.
+	pDest[ cchResult - 1 ] = 0;
+#elif defined (POSIX)
+	iconv_t conv_t = iconv_open( "UCS-2LE", "UTF-32LE" );
+	size_t cchResult = -1;
+	size_t nLenUnicde = cubSrcInBytes;
+	size_t nMaxUCS2 = cubDestSizeInBytes;
+	char *pIn = (char*)pUnicode;
+	char *pOut = pUCS2;
+	if ( conv_t > 0 )
+	{
+		cchResult = iconv( conv_t, &pIn, &nLenUnicde, &pOut, &nMaxUCS2 );
+		iconv_close( conv_t );
+		if ( (int)cchResult < 0 )
+			cchResult = 0;
+		else
+			cchResult = cubSrcInBytes / sizeof( wchar_t );
+	}
+#else
+	#error Must be implemented for this platform
+#endif
+	return cchResult;	
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Converts a ucs-2 (windows wchar_t) string into a UTF8 (standard) string
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int _V_UCS2ToUTF8( const ucs2 *pUCS2, char *pUTF8, int cubDestSizeInBytes )
+{
+	AssertValidStringPtr(pUTF8, cubDestSizeInBytes);
+	AssertValidReadPtr(pUCS2);
+	
+	pUTF8[0] = 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	// under win32 wchar_t == ucs2, sigh
+	int cchResult = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_UTF8, 0, pUCS2, -1, pUTF8, cubDestSizeInBytes, NULL, NULL );
+#elif defined(POSIX)
+	iconv_t conv_t = iconv_open( "UTF-8", "UCS-2LE" );
+	size_t cchResult = -1;
+
+	// pUCS2 will be null-terminated so use that to work out the input
+	// buffer size. Note that we shouldn't assume iconv will stop when it
+	// finds a zero, and nLenUnicde should be given in bytes, so we multiply
+	// it by sizeof( ucs2 ) at the end.
+	size_t nLenUnicde = 0;
+	while ( pUCS2[nLenUnicde] )
+	{
+		++nLenUnicde;
+	}
+	nLenUnicde *= sizeof( ucs2 );
+
+	// Calculate number of bytes we want iconv to write, leaving space
+	// for the null-terminator
+	size_t nMaxUTF8 = cubDestSizeInBytes - 1;
+	char *pIn = (char *)pUCS2;
+	char *pOut = (char *)pUTF8;
+	if ( conv_t > 0 )
+	{
+		const size_t nBytesToWrite = nMaxUTF8;
+		cchResult = iconv( conv_t, &pIn, &nLenUnicde, &pOut, &nMaxUTF8 );
+
+		// Calculate how many bytes were actually written and use that to
+		// null-terminate our output string.
+		const size_t nBytesWritten = nBytesToWrite - nMaxUTF8;
+		pUTF8[nBytesWritten] = 0;
+
+		iconv_close( conv_t );
+		if ( (int)cchResult < 0 )
+			cchResult = 0;
+		else
+			cchResult = nMaxUTF8;
+	}
+#endif
+	pUTF8[cubDestSizeInBytes - 1] = 0;
+	return cchResult;	
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Converts a UTF8 to ucs-2 (windows wchar_t)
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int _V_UTF8ToUCS2( const char *pUTF8, int cubSrcInBytes, ucs2 *pUCS2, int cubDestSizeInBytes )
+{
+	Assert( cubDestSizeInBytes >= sizeof(pUCS2[0]) );
+	AssertValidStringPtr(pUTF8, cubDestSizeInBytes);
+	AssertValidReadPtr(pUCS2);
+
+	pUCS2[0] = 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	// under win32 wchar_t == ucs2, sigh
+	int cchResult = MultiByteToWideChar( CP_UTF8, 0, pUTF8, -1, pUCS2, cubDestSizeInBytes / sizeof(wchar_t) );
+#elif defined( _PS3 ) // bugbug JLB
+	int cchResult = 0;
+	Assert( 0 );
+#elif defined(POSIX)
+	iconv_t conv_t = iconv_open( "UCS-2LE", "UTF-8" );
+	size_t cchResult = -1;
+	size_t nLenUnicde = cubSrcInBytes;
+	size_t nMaxUTF8 = cubDestSizeInBytes;
+	char *pIn = (char *)pUTF8;
+	char *pOut = (char *)pUCS2;
+	if ( conv_t > 0 )
+	{
+		cchResult = iconv( conv_t, &pIn, &nLenUnicde, &pOut, &nMaxUTF8 );
+		iconv_close( conv_t );
+		if ( (int)cchResult < 0 )
+			cchResult = 0;
+		else
+			cchResult = cubSrcInBytes;
+
+	}
+#endif
+	pUCS2[ (cubDestSizeInBytes/sizeof(ucs2)) - 1] = 0;
+	return cchResult;	
+}
+
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Returns the 4 bit nibble for a hex character
+// Input  : c - 
+// Output : unsigned char
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+unsigned char V_nibble( char c )
+{
+	if ( ( c >= '0' ) &&
+		 ( c <= '9' ) )
+	{
+		 return (unsigned char)(c - '0');
+	}
+
+	if ( ( c >= 'A' ) &&
+		 ( c <= 'F' ) )
+	{
+		 return (unsigned char)(c - 'A' + 0x0a);
+	}
+
+	if ( ( c >= 'a' ) &&
+		 ( c <= 'f' ) )
+	{
+		 return (unsigned char)(c - 'a' + 0x0a);
+	}
+
+	return '0';
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *in - 
+//			numchars - 
+//			*out - 
+//			maxoutputbytes - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_hextobinary( char const *in, int numchars, byte *out, int maxoutputbytes )
+{
+	int len = V_strlen( in );
+	numchars = min( len, numchars );
+	// Make sure it's even
+	numchars = ( numchars ) & ~0x1;
+
+	// Must be an even # of input characters (two chars per output byte)
+	Assert( numchars >= 2 );
+
+	memset( out, 0x00, maxoutputbytes );
+
+	byte *p;
+	int i;
+
+	p = out;
+	for ( i = 0; 
+		 ( i < numchars ) && ( ( p - out ) < maxoutputbytes ); 
+		 i+=2, p++ )
+	{
+		*p = ( V_nibble( in[i] ) << 4 ) | V_nibble( in[i+1] );		
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *in - 
+//			inputbytes - 
+//			*out - 
+//			outsize - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_binarytohex( const byte *in, int inputbytes, char *out, int outsize )
+{
+	Assert( outsize >= 1 );
+	char doublet[10];
+	int i;
+
+	out[0]=0;
+
+	for ( i = 0; i < inputbytes; i++ )
+	{
+		unsigned char c = in[i];
+		V_snprintf( doublet, sizeof( doublet ), "%02x", c );
+		V_strncat( out, doublet, outsize, COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS );
+	}
+}
+
+// Even though \ on Posix (Linux&Mac) isn't techincally a path separator we are
+// now counting it as one even Posix since so many times our filepaths aren't actual
+// paths but rather text strings passed in from data files, treating \ as a pathseparator
+// covers the full range of cases
+bool PATHSEPARATOR( char c )
+{
+	return c == '\\' || c == '/';
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Extracts the base name of a file (no path, no extension, assumes '/' or '\' as path separator)
+// Input  : *in - 
+//			*out - 
+//			maxlen - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_FileBase( const char *in, char *out, int maxlen )
+{
+	Assert( maxlen >= 1 );
+	Assert( in );
+	Assert( out );
+
+	if ( !in || !in[ 0 ] )
+	{
+		*out = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	int len, start, end;
+
+	len = V_strlen( in );
+	
+	// scan backward for '.'
+	end = len - 1;
+	while ( end&& in[end] != '.' && !PATHSEPARATOR( in[end] ) )
+	{
+		end--;
+	}
+	
+	if ( in[end] != '.' )		// no '.', copy to end
+	{
+		end = len-1;
+	}
+	else 
+	{
+		end--;					// Found ',', copy to left of '.'
+	}
+
+	// Scan backward for '/'
+	start = len-1;
+	while ( start >= 0 && !PATHSEPARATOR( in[start] ) )
+	{
+		start--;
+	}
+
+	if ( start < 0 || !PATHSEPARATOR( in[start] ) )
+	{
+		start = 0;
+	}
+	else 
+	{
+		start++;
+	}
+
+	// Length of new sting
+	len = end - start + 1;
+
+	int maxcopy = min( len + 1, maxlen );
+
+	// Copy partial string
+	V_strncpy( out, &in[start], maxcopy );
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *ppath - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_StripTrailingSlash( char *ppath )
+{
+	Assert( ppath );
+
+	int len = V_strlen( ppath );
+	if ( len > 0 )
+	{
+		if ( PATHSEPARATOR( ppath[ len - 1 ] ) )
+		{
+			ppath[ len - 1 ] = 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *ppline - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_StripTrailingWhitespace( char *ppline )
+{
+	Assert( ppline );
+
+	int len = V_strlen( ppline );
+	while ( len > 0 )
+	{
+		if ( !V_isspace( ppline[ len - 1 ] ) )
+			break;
+		ppline[ len - 1 ] = 0;
+		len--;
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *ppline - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_StripLeadingWhitespace( char *ppline )
+{
+	Assert( ppline );
+
+	// Skip past initial whitespace
+	int skip = 0;
+	while( V_isspace( ppline[ skip ] ) )
+		skip++;
+	// Shuffle the rest of the string back (including the NULL-terminator)
+	if ( skip )
+	{
+		while( ( ppline[0] = ppline[skip] ) != 0 )
+			ppline++;
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *ppline - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_StripSurroundingQuotes( char *ppline )
+{
+	Assert( ppline );
+
+	int len = V_strlen( ppline ) - 2;
+	if ( ( ppline[0] == '"' ) && ( len >= 0 ) && ( ppline[len+1] == '"' ) )
+	{
+		for ( int i = 0; i < len; i++ )
+			ppline[i] = ppline[i+1];
+		ppline[len] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *in - 
+//			*out - 
+//			outSize - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_StripExtension( const char *in, char *out, int outSize )
+{
+	// Find the last dot. If it's followed by a dot or a slash, then it's part of a 
+	// directory specifier like ../../somedir/./blah.
+
+	// scan backward for '.'
+	int end = V_strlen( in ) - 1;
+	while ( end > 0 && in[end] != '.' && !PATHSEPARATOR( in[end] ) )
+	{
+		--end;
+	}
+
+	if (end > 0 && !PATHSEPARATOR( in[end] ) && end < outSize)
+	{
+		int nChars = min( end, outSize-1 );
+		if ( out != in )
+		{
+			memcpy( out, in, nChars );
+		}
+		out[nChars] = 0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// nothing found
+		if ( out != in )
+		{
+			V_strncpy( out, in, outSize );
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *path - 
+//			*extension - 
+//			pathStringLength - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_DefaultExtension( char *path, const char *extension, int pathStringLength )
+{
+	Assert( path );
+	Assert( pathStringLength >= 1 );
+	Assert( extension );
+	Assert( extension[0] == '.' );
+
+	char    *src;
+
+	// if path doesn't have a .EXT, append extension
+	// (extension should include the .)
+	src = path + V_strlen(path) - 1;
+
+	while ( !PATHSEPARATOR( *src ) && ( src > path ) )
+	{
+		if (*src == '.')
+		{
+			// it has an extension
+			return;                 
+		}
+		src--;
+	}
+
+	// Concatenate the desired extension
+	V_strncat( path, extension, pathStringLength, COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS );
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Force extension...
+// Input  : *path - 
+//			*extension - 
+//			pathStringLength - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_SetExtension( char *path, const char *extension, int pathStringLength )
+{
+	V_StripExtension( path, path, pathStringLength );
+
+	// We either had an extension and stripped it, or didn't have an extension
+	// at all. Either way, we need to concatenate our extension now.
+
+	// extension is not required to start with '.', so if it's not there,
+	// then append that first.
+	if ( extension[0] != '.' )
+	{
+		V_strncat( path, ".", pathStringLength, COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS );
+	}
+
+	V_strncat( path, extension, pathStringLength, COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS );
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Remove final filename from string
+// Input  : *path - 
+// Output : void  V_StripFilename
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void  V_StripFilename (char *path)
+{
+	int             length;
+
+	length = V_strlen( path )-1;
+	if ( length <= 0 )
+		return;
+
+	while ( length > 0 && 
+		!PATHSEPARATOR( path[length] ) )
+	{
+		length--;
+	}
+
+	path[ length ] = 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR '\\'
+#define INCORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR '/'
+#elif POSIX
+#define CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR '/'
+#define INCORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR '\\'
+#endif
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Changes all '/' or '\' characters into separator
+// Input  : *pname - 
+//			separator - 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_FixSlashes( char *pname, char separator /* = CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR */ )
+{
+	while ( *pname )
+	{
+		if ( *pname == INCORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR || *pname == CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR )
+		{
+			*pname = separator;
+		}
+		pname++;
+	}
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: This function fixes cases of filenames like materials\\blah.vmt or somepath\otherpath\\ and removes the extra double slash.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_FixDoubleSlashes( char *pStr )
+{
+	int len = V_strlen( pStr );
+
+	for ( int i=1; i < len-1; i++ )
+	{
+		if ( (pStr[i] == '/' || pStr[i] == '\\') && (pStr[i+1] == '/' || pStr[i+1] == '\\') )
+		{
+			// This means there's a double slash somewhere past the start of the filename. That 
+			// can happen in Hammer if they use a material in the root directory. You'll get a filename 
+			// that looks like 'materials\\blah.vmt'
+			V_memmove( &pStr[i], &pStr[i+1], len - i );
+			--len;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Strip off the last directory from dirName
+// Input  : *dirName - 
+//			maxlen - 
+// Output : Returns true on success, false on failure.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_StripLastDir( char *dirName, int maxlen )
+{
+	if( dirName[0] == 0 || 
+		!V_stricmp( dirName, "./" ) || 
+		!V_stricmp( dirName, ".\\" ) )
+		return false;
+	
+	int len = V_strlen( dirName );
+
+	Assert( len < maxlen );
+
+	// skip trailing slash
+	if ( PATHSEPARATOR( dirName[len-1] ) )
+	{
+		len--;
+	}
+
+	while ( len > 0 )
+	{
+		if ( PATHSEPARATOR( dirName[len-1] ) )
+		{
+			dirName[len] = 0;
+			V_FixSlashes( dirName, CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR );
+			return true;
+		}
+		len--;
+	}
+
+	// Allow it to return an empty string and true. This can happen if something like "tf2/" is passed in.
+	// The correct behavior is to strip off the last directory ("tf2") and return true.
+	if( len == 0 )
+	{
+		V_snprintf( dirName, maxlen, ".%c", CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR );
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Returns a pointer to the beginning of the unqualified file name 
+//			(no path information)
+// Input:	in - file name (may be unqualified, relative or absolute path)
+// Output:	pointer to unqualified file name
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const char * V_UnqualifiedFileName( const char * in )
+{
+	// back up until the character after the first path separator we find,
+	// or the beginning of the string
+	const char * out = in + strlen( in ) - 1;
+	while ( ( out > in ) && ( !PATHSEPARATOR( *( out-1 ) ) ) )
+		out--;
+	return out;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Composes a path and filename together, inserting a path separator
+//			if need be
+// Input:	path - path to use
+//			filename - filename to use
+//			dest - buffer to compose result in
+//			destSize - size of destination buffer
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_ComposeFileName( const char *path, const char *filename, char *dest, int destSize )
+{
+	V_strncpy( dest, path, destSize );
+	V_FixSlashes( dest );
+	V_AppendSlash( dest, destSize );
+	V_strncat( dest, filename, destSize, COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS );
+	V_FixSlashes( dest );
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *path - 
+//			*dest - 
+//			destSize - 
+// Output : void V_ExtractFilePath
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_ExtractFilePath (const char *path, char *dest, int destSize )
+{
+	Assert( destSize >= 1 );
+	if ( destSize < 1 )
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	// Last char
+	int len = V_strlen(path);
+	const char *src = path + (len ? len-1 : 0);
+
+	// back up until a \ or the start
+	while ( src != path && !PATHSEPARATOR( *(src-1) ) )
+	{
+		src--;
+	}
+
+	int copysize = min( (int)((ptrdiff_t)src - (ptrdiff_t)path), destSize - 1 );
+	memcpy( dest, path, copysize );
+	dest[copysize] = 0;
+
+	return copysize != 0 ? true : false;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: 
+// Input  : *path - 
+//			*dest - 
+//			destSize - 
+// Output : void V_ExtractFileExtension
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_ExtractFileExtension( const char *path, char *dest, int destSize )
+{
+	*dest = NULL;
+	const char * extension = V_GetFileExtension( path );
+	if ( NULL != extension )
+		V_strncpy( dest, extension, destSize );
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Returns a pointer to the file extension within a file name string
+// Input:	in - file name 
+// Output:	pointer to beginning of extension (after the "."), or NULL
+//				if there is no extension
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const char * V_GetFileExtension( const char * path )
+{
+	const char    *src;
+
+	src = path + strlen(path) - 1;
+
+//
+// back up until a . or the start
+//
+	while (src != path && *(src-1) != '.' )
+		src--;
+
+	// check to see if the '.' is part of a pathname
+	if (src == path || PATHSEPARATOR( *src ) )
+	{		
+		return NULL;  // no extension
+	}
+
+	return src;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Returns a pointer to the filename part of a path string
+// Input:	in - file name 
+// Output:	pointer to beginning of filename (after the "/"). If there were no /, 
+//          output is identical to input
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const char * V_GetFileName( const char * path )
+{
+	return V_UnqualifiedFileName( path );
+}
+
+
+bool V_RemoveDotSlashes( char *pFilename, char separator, bool bRemoveDoubleSlashes /* = true */ )
+{
+	char *pIn = pFilename;
+	char *pOut = pFilename;
+	bool bRetVal = true;
+
+	bool bBoundary = true;
+	while ( *pIn )
+	{
+		if ( bBoundary && pIn[0] == '.' && pIn[1] == '.' && ( PATHSEPARATOR( pIn[2] ) || !pIn[2] ) )
+		{
+			// Get rid of /../ or trailing /.. by backing pOut up to previous separator
+
+			// Eat the last separator (or repeated separators) we wrote out
+			while ( pOut != pFilename && pOut[-1] == separator )
+			{
+				--pOut;
+			}
+
+			while ( true )
+			{
+				if ( pOut == pFilename )
+				{
+					bRetVal = false; // backwards compat. return value, even though we continue handling
+					break;
+				}
+				--pOut;
+				if ( *pOut == separator )
+				{
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Skip the '..' but not the slash, next loop iteration will handle separator
+			pIn += 2;
+			bBoundary = ( pOut == pFilename );
+		}
+		else if ( bBoundary && pIn[0] == '.' && ( PATHSEPARATOR( pIn[1] ) || !pIn[1] ) )
+		{
+			// Handle "./" by simply skipping this sequence. bBoundary is unchanged.
+			if ( PATHSEPARATOR( pIn[1] ) )
+			{
+				pIn += 2;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// Special case: if trailing "." is preceded by separator, eg "path/.",
+				// then the final separator should also be stripped. bBoundary may then
+				// be in an incorrect state, but we are at the end of processing anyway
+				// so we don't really care (the processing loop is about to terminate).
+				if ( pOut != pFilename && pOut[-1] == separator )
+				{
+					--pOut;
+				}
+				pIn += 1;
+			}
+		}
+		else if ( PATHSEPARATOR( pIn[0] ) )
+		{
+			*pOut = separator;
+			pOut += 1 - (bBoundary & bRemoveDoubleSlashes & (pOut != pFilename));
+			pIn += 1;
+			bBoundary = true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if ( pOut != pIn )
+			{
+				*pOut = *pIn;
+			}
+			pOut += 1;
+			pIn += 1;
+			bBoundary = false;
+		}
+	}
+	*pOut = 0;
+
+	return bRetVal;
+}
+
+
+void V_AppendSlash( char *pStr, int strSize )
+{
+	int len = V_strlen( pStr );
+	if ( len > 0 && !PATHSEPARATOR(pStr[len-1]) )
+	{
+		if ( len+1 >= strSize )
+			Error( "V_AppendSlash: ran out of space on %s.", pStr );
+		
+		pStr[len] = CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR;
+		pStr[len+1] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+
+void V_MakeAbsolutePath( char *pOut, int outLen, const char *pPath, const char *pStartingDir )
+{
+	if ( V_IsAbsolutePath( pPath ) )
+	{
+		// pPath is not relative.. just copy it.
+		V_strncpy( pOut, pPath, outLen );
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// Make sure the starting directory is absolute..
+		if ( pStartingDir && V_IsAbsolutePath( pStartingDir ) )
+		{
+			V_strncpy( pOut, pStartingDir, outLen );
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if ( !_getcwd( pOut, outLen ) )
+				Error( "V_MakeAbsolutePath: _getcwd failed." );
+
+			if ( pStartingDir )
+			{
+				V_AppendSlash( pOut, outLen );
+				V_strncat( pOut, pStartingDir, outLen, COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS );
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Concatenate the paths.
+		V_AppendSlash( pOut, outLen );
+		V_strncat( pOut, pPath, outLen, COPY_ALL_CHARACTERS );
+	}
+
+	if ( !V_RemoveDotSlashes( pOut ) )
+		Error( "V_MakeAbsolutePath: tried to \"..\" past the root." );
+
+	//V_FixSlashes( pOut ); - handled by V_RemoveDotSlashes
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Makes a relative path
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_MakeRelativePath( const char *pFullPath, const char *pDirectory, char *pRelativePath, int nBufLen )
+{
+	pRelativePath[0] = 0;
+
+	const char *pPath = pFullPath;
+	const char *pDir = pDirectory;
+
+	// Strip out common parts of the path
+	const char *pLastCommonPath = NULL;
+	const char *pLastCommonDir = NULL;
+	while ( *pPath && ( FastToLower( *pPath ) == FastToLower( *pDir ) || 
+						( PATHSEPARATOR( *pPath ) && ( PATHSEPARATOR( *pDir ) || (*pDir == 0) ) ) ) )
+	{
+		if ( PATHSEPARATOR( *pPath ) )
+		{
+			pLastCommonPath = pPath + 1;
+			pLastCommonDir = pDir + 1;
+		}
+		if ( *pDir == 0 )
+		{
+			--pLastCommonDir;
+			break;
+		}
+		++pDir; ++pPath;
+	}
+
+	// Nothing in common
+	if ( !pLastCommonPath )
+		return false;
+
+	// For each path separator remaining in the dir, need a ../
+	int nOutLen = 0;
+	bool bLastCharWasSeparator = true;
+	for ( ; *pLastCommonDir; ++pLastCommonDir )
+	{
+		if ( PATHSEPARATOR( *pLastCommonDir ) )
+		{
+			pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = '.';
+			pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = '.';
+			pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR;
+			bLastCharWasSeparator = true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			bLastCharWasSeparator = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Deal with relative paths not specified with a trailing slash
+	if ( !bLastCharWasSeparator )
+	{
+		pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = '.';
+		pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = '.';
+		pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR;
+	}
+
+	// Copy the remaining part of the relative path over, fixing the path separators
+	for ( ; *pLastCommonPath; ++pLastCommonPath )
+	{
+		if ( PATHSEPARATOR( *pLastCommonPath ) )
+		{
+			pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			pRelativePath[nOutLen++] = *pLastCommonPath;
+		}
+
+		// Check for overflow
+		if ( nOutLen == nBufLen - 1 )
+			break;
+	}
+
+	pRelativePath[nOutLen] = 0;
+	return true;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// small helper function shared by lots of modules
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_IsAbsolutePath( const char *pStr )
+{
+	bool bIsAbsolute = ( pStr[0] && pStr[1] == ':' ) || pStr[0] == '/' || pStr[0] == '\\';
+	if ( IsX360() && !bIsAbsolute )
+	{
+		bIsAbsolute = ( V_stristr( pStr, ":" ) != NULL );
+	}
+	return bIsAbsolute;
+}
+
+
+// Copies at most nCharsToCopy bytes from pIn into pOut.
+// Returns false if it would have overflowed pOut's buffer.
+static bool CopyToMaxChars( char *pOut, int outSize, const char *pIn, int nCharsToCopy )
+{
+	if ( outSize == 0 )
+		return false;
+
+	int iOut = 0;
+	while ( *pIn && nCharsToCopy > 0 )
+	{
+		if ( iOut == (outSize-1) )
+		{
+			pOut[iOut] = 0;
+			return false;
+		}
+		pOut[iOut] = *pIn;
+		++iOut;
+		++pIn;
+		--nCharsToCopy;
+	}
+	
+	pOut[iOut] = 0;
+	return true;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Fixes up a file name, removing dot slashes, fixing slashes, converting to lowercase, etc.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_FixupPathName( char *pOut, size_t nOutLen, const char *pPath )
+{
+	V_strncpy( pOut, pPath, nOutLen );
+	V_RemoveDotSlashes( pOut, CORRECT_PATH_SEPARATOR, true );
+#ifdef WIN32
+	V_strlower( pOut );
+#endif
+}
+
+
+// Returns true if it completed successfully.
+// If it would overflow pOut, it fills as much as it can and returns false.
+bool V_StrSubst( 
+	const char *pIn, 
+	const char *pMatch,
+	const char *pReplaceWith,
+	char *pOut,
+	int outLen,
+	bool bCaseSensitive
+	)
+{
+	int replaceFromLen = strlen( pMatch );
+	int replaceToLen = strlen( pReplaceWith );
+
+	const char *pInStart = pIn;
+	char *pOutPos = pOut;
+	pOutPos[0] = 0;
+
+	while ( 1 )
+	{
+		int nRemainingOut = outLen - (pOutPos - pOut);
+
+		const char *pTestPos = ( bCaseSensitive ? strstr( pInStart, pMatch ) : V_stristr( pInStart, pMatch ) );
+		if ( pTestPos )
+		{
+			// Found an occurence of pMatch. First, copy whatever leads up to the string.
+			int copyLen = pTestPos - pInStart;
+			if ( !CopyToMaxChars( pOutPos, nRemainingOut, pInStart, copyLen ) )
+				return false;
+			
+			// Did we hit the end of the output string?
+			if ( copyLen > nRemainingOut-1 )
+				return false;
+
+			pOutPos += strlen( pOutPos );
+			nRemainingOut = outLen - (pOutPos - pOut);
+
+			// Now add the replacement string.
+			if ( !CopyToMaxChars( pOutPos, nRemainingOut, pReplaceWith, replaceToLen ) )
+				return false;
+
+			pInStart += copyLen + replaceFromLen;
+			pOutPos += replaceToLen;			
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// We're at the end of pIn. Copy whatever remains and get out.
+			int copyLen = strlen( pInStart );
+			V_strncpy( pOutPos, pInStart, nRemainingOut );
+			return ( copyLen <= nRemainingOut-1 );
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+char* AllocString( const char *pStr, int nMaxChars )
+{
+	int allocLen;
+	if ( nMaxChars == -1 )
+		allocLen = strlen( pStr ) + 1;
+	else
+		allocLen = min( (int)strlen(pStr), nMaxChars ) + 1;
+
+	char *pOut = new char[allocLen];
+	V_strncpy( pOut, pStr, allocLen );
+	return pOut;
+}
+
+
+void V_SplitString2( const char *pString, const char **pSeparators, int nSeparators, CUtlVector<char*> &outStrings )
+{
+	outStrings.Purge();
+	const char *pCurPos = pString;
+	while ( 1 )
+	{
+		int iFirstSeparator = -1;
+		const char *pFirstSeparator = 0;
+		for ( int i=0; i < nSeparators; i++ )
+		{
+			const char *pTest = V_stristr( pCurPos, pSeparators[i] );
+			if ( pTest && (!pFirstSeparator || pTest < pFirstSeparator) )
+			{
+				iFirstSeparator = i;
+				pFirstSeparator = pTest;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ( pFirstSeparator )
+		{
+			// Split on this separator and continue on.
+			int separatorLen = strlen( pSeparators[iFirstSeparator] );
+			if ( pFirstSeparator > pCurPos )
+			{
+				outStrings.AddToTail( AllocString( pCurPos, pFirstSeparator-pCurPos ) );
+			}
+
+			pCurPos = pFirstSeparator + separatorLen;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// Copy the rest of the string
+			if ( strlen( pCurPos ) )
+			{
+				outStrings.AddToTail( AllocString( pCurPos, -1 ) );
+			}
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+void V_SplitString( const char *pString, const char *pSeparator, CUtlVector<char*> &outStrings )
+{
+	V_SplitString2( pString, &pSeparator, 1, outStrings );
+}
+
+
+bool V_GetCurrentDirectory( char *pOut, int maxLen )
+{
+	return _getcwd( pOut, maxLen ) == pOut;
+}
+
+
+bool V_SetCurrentDirectory( const char *pDirName )
+{
+	return _chdir( pDirName ) == 0;
+}
+
+
+// This function takes a slice out of pStr and stores it in pOut.
+// It follows the Python slice convention:
+// Negative numbers wrap around the string (-1 references the last character).
+// Numbers are clamped to the end of the string.
+void V_StrSlice( const char *pStr, int firstChar, int lastCharNonInclusive, char *pOut, int outSize )
+{
+	if ( outSize == 0 )
+		return;
+	
+	int length = strlen( pStr );
+
+	// Fixup the string indices.
+	if ( firstChar < 0 )
+	{
+		firstChar = length - (-firstChar % length);
+	}
+	else if ( firstChar >= length )
+	{
+		pOut[0] = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if ( lastCharNonInclusive < 0 )
+	{
+		lastCharNonInclusive = length - (-lastCharNonInclusive % length);
+	}
+	else if ( lastCharNonInclusive > length )
+	{
+		lastCharNonInclusive %= length;
+	}
+
+	if ( lastCharNonInclusive <= firstChar )
+	{
+		pOut[0] = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	int copyLen = lastCharNonInclusive - firstChar;
+	if ( copyLen <= (outSize-1) )
+	{
+		memcpy( pOut, &pStr[firstChar], copyLen );
+		pOut[copyLen] = 0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		memcpy( pOut, &pStr[firstChar], outSize-1 );
+		pOut[outSize-1] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+
+void V_StrLeft( const char *pStr, int nChars, char *pOut, int outSize )
+{
+	if ( nChars == 0 )
+	{
+		if ( outSize != 0 )
+			pOut[0] = 0;
+
+		return;
+	}
+
+	V_StrSlice( pStr, 0, nChars, pOut, outSize );
+}
+
+
+void V_StrRight( const char *pStr, int nChars, char *pOut, int outSize )
+{
+	int len = strlen( pStr );
+	if ( nChars >= len )
+	{
+		V_strncpy( pOut, pStr, outSize );
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		V_StrSlice( pStr, -nChars, strlen( pStr ), pOut, outSize );
+	}
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Convert multibyte to wchar + back
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_strtowcs( const char *pString, int nInSize, wchar_t *pWString, int nOutSizeInBytes )
+{
+	Assert( nOutSizeInBytes >= sizeof(pWString[0]) );
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	int nOutSizeInChars = nOutSizeInBytes / sizeof(pWString[0]);
+	int result = MultiByteToWideChar( CP_UTF8, 0, pString, nInSize, pWString, nOutSizeInChars );
+	// If the string completely fails to fit then MultiByteToWideChar will return 0.
+	// If the string exactly fits but with no room for a null-terminator then MultiByteToWideChar
+	// will happily fill the buffer and omit the null-terminator, returning nOutSizeInChars.
+	// Either way we need to return an empty string rather than a bogus and possibly not
+	// null-terminated result.
+	if ( result <= 0 || result >= nOutSizeInChars )
+	{
+		// If nInSize includes the null-terminator then a result of nOutSizeInChars is
+		// legal. We check this by seeing if the last character in the output buffer is
+		// a zero.
+		if ( result == nOutSizeInChars && pWString[ nOutSizeInChars - 1 ] == 0)
+		{
+			// We're okay! Do nothing.
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// The string completely to fit. Null-terminate the buffer.
+			*pWString = L'\0';
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// We have successfully converted our string. Now we need to null-terminate it, because
+		// MultiByteToWideChar will only do that if nInSize includes the source null-terminator!
+		pWString[ result ] = 0;
+	}
+#elif POSIX
+	if ( mbstowcs( pWString, pString, nOutSizeInBytes / sizeof(pWString[0]) ) <= 0 )
+	{
+		*pWString = 0;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+void V_wcstostr( const wchar_t *pWString, int nInSize, char *pString, int nOutSizeInChars )
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	int result = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_UTF8, 0, pWString, nInSize, pString, nOutSizeInChars, NULL, NULL );
+	// If the string completely fails to fit then MultiByteToWideChar will return 0.
+	// If the string exactly fits but with no room for a null-terminator then MultiByteToWideChar
+	// will happily fill the buffer and omit the null-terminator, returning nOutSizeInChars.
+	// Either way we need to return an empty string rather than a bogus and possibly not
+	// null-terminated result.
+	if ( result <= 0 || result >= nOutSizeInChars )
+	{
+		// If nInSize includes the null-terminator then a result of nOutSizeInChars is
+		// legal. We check this by seeing if the last character in the output buffer is
+		// a zero.
+		if ( result == nOutSizeInChars && pWString[ nOutSizeInChars - 1 ] == 0)
+		{
+			// We're okay! Do nothing.
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			*pString = '\0';
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// We have successfully converted our string. Now we need to null-terminate it, because
+		// MultiByteToWideChar will only do that if nInSize includes the source null-terminator!
+		pString[ result ] = '\0';
+	}
+#elif POSIX
+	if ( wcstombs( pString, pWString, nOutSizeInChars ) <= 0 )
+	{
+		*pString = '\0';
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// backslashification
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+static char s_BackSlashMap[]="\tt\nn\rr\"\"\\\\";
+
+char *V_AddBackSlashesToSpecialChars( char const *pSrc )
+{
+	// first, count how much space we are going to need
+	int nSpaceNeeded = 0;
+	for( char const *pScan = pSrc; *pScan; pScan++ )
+	{
+		nSpaceNeeded++;
+		for(char const *pCharSet=s_BackSlashMap; *pCharSet; pCharSet += 2 )
+		{
+			if ( *pCharSet == *pScan )
+				nSpaceNeeded++;								// we need to store a bakslash
+		}
+	}
+	char *pRet = new char[ nSpaceNeeded + 1 ];				// +1 for null
+	char *pOut = pRet;
+	
+	for( char const *pScan = pSrc; *pScan; pScan++ )
+	{
+		bool bIsSpecial = false;
+		for(char const *pCharSet=s_BackSlashMap; *pCharSet; pCharSet += 2 )
+		{
+			if ( *pCharSet == *pScan )
+			{
+				*( pOut++ ) = '\\';
+				*( pOut++ ) = pCharSet[1];
+				bIsSpecial = true;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (! bIsSpecial )
+		{
+			*( pOut++ ) = *pScan;
+		}
+	}
+	*( pOut++ ) = 0;
+	return pRet;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Helper for converting a numeric value to a hex digit, value should be 0-15.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+char cIntToHexDigit( int nValue )
+{
+	Assert( nValue >= 0 && nValue <= 15 );
+	return "0123456789ABCDEF"[ nValue & 15 ];
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Helper for converting a hex char value to numeric, return -1 if the char
+//          is not a valid hex digit.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int iHexCharToInt( char cValue )
+{
+	int32 iValue = cValue;
+	if ( (uint32)( iValue - '0' ) < 10 )
+		return iValue - '0';
+
+	iValue |= 0x20;
+	if ( (uint32)( iValue - 'a' ) < 6 )
+		return iValue - 'a' + 10;
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Internal implementation of encode, works in the strict RFC manner, or
+//          with spaces turned to + like HTML form encoding.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void Q_URLEncodeInternal( char *pchDest, int nDestLen, const char *pchSource, int nSourceLen, bool bUsePlusForSpace )
+{
+	if ( nDestLen < 3*nSourceLen )
+	{
+		pchDest[0] = '\0';
+		AssertMsg( false, "Target buffer for Q_URLEncode needs to be 3 times larger than source to guarantee enough space\n" );
+		return;
+	}
+
+	int iDestPos = 0;
+	for ( int i=0; i < nSourceLen; ++i )
+	{
+		// We allow only a-z, A-Z, 0-9, period, underscore, and hyphen to pass through unescaped.
+		// These are the characters allowed by both the original RFC 1738 and the latest RFC 3986.
+		// Current specs also allow '~', but that is forbidden under original RFC 1738.
+		if ( !( pchSource[i] >= 'a' && pchSource[i] <= 'z' ) && !( pchSource[i] >= 'A' && pchSource[i] <= 'Z' ) && !(pchSource[i] >= '0' && pchSource[i] <= '9' )
+			&& pchSource[i] != '-' && pchSource[i] != '_' && pchSource[i] != '.'	
+			)
+		{
+			if ( bUsePlusForSpace && pchSource[i] == ' ' )
+			{
+				pchDest[iDestPos++] = '+';
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				pchDest[iDestPos++] = '%';
+				uint8 iValue = pchSource[i];
+				if ( iValue == 0 )
+				{
+					pchDest[iDestPos++] = '0';
+					pchDest[iDestPos++] = '0';
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					char cHexDigit1 = cIntToHexDigit( iValue % 16 );
+					iValue /= 16;
+					char cHexDigit2 = cIntToHexDigit( iValue );
+					pchDest[iDestPos++] = cHexDigit2;
+					pchDest[iDestPos++] = cHexDigit1;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			pchDest[iDestPos++] = pchSource[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Null terminate
+	pchDest[iDestPos++] = 0;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Internal implementation of decode, works in the strict RFC manner, or
+//          with spaces turned to + like HTML form encoding.
+//
+//			Returns the amount of space used in the output buffer.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+size_t Q_URLDecodeInternal( char *pchDecodeDest, int nDecodeDestLen, const char *pchEncodedSource, int nEncodedSourceLen, bool bUsePlusForSpace )
+{
+	if ( nDecodeDestLen < nEncodedSourceLen )
+	{
+		AssertMsg( false, "Q_URLDecode needs a dest buffer at least as large as the source" );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	int iDestPos = 0;
+	for( int i=0; i < nEncodedSourceLen; ++i )
+	{
+		if ( bUsePlusForSpace && pchEncodedSource[i] == '+' )
+		{
+			pchDecodeDest[ iDestPos++ ] = ' ';
+		}
+		else if ( pchEncodedSource[i] == '%' )
+		{
+			// Percent signifies an encoded value, look ahead for the hex code, convert to numeric, and use that
+
+			// First make sure we have 2 more chars
+			if ( i < nEncodedSourceLen - 2 )
+			{
+				char cHexDigit1 = pchEncodedSource[i+1];
+				char cHexDigit2 = pchEncodedSource[i+2];
+
+				// Turn the chars into a hex value, if they are not valid, then we'll
+				// just place the % and the following two chars direct into the string,
+				// even though this really shouldn't happen, who knows what bad clients
+				// may do with encoding.
+				bool bValid = false;
+				int iValue = iHexCharToInt( cHexDigit1 );
+				if ( iValue != -1 )
+				{
+					iValue *= 16;
+					int iValue2 = iHexCharToInt( cHexDigit2 );
+					if ( iValue2 != -1 )
+					{
+						iValue += iValue2;
+						pchDecodeDest[ iDestPos++ ] = iValue;
+						bValid = true;
+					}
+				}
+
+				if ( !bValid )
+				{
+					pchDecodeDest[ iDestPos++ ] = '%';
+					pchDecodeDest[ iDestPos++ ] = cHexDigit1;
+					pchDecodeDest[ iDestPos++ ] = cHexDigit2;
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Skip ahead
+			i += 2;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			pchDecodeDest[ iDestPos++ ] = pchEncodedSource[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	// We may not have extra room to NULL terminate, since this can be used on raw data, but if we do
+	// go ahead and do it as this can avoid bugs.
+	if ( iDestPos < nDecodeDestLen )
+	{
+		pchDecodeDest[iDestPos] = 0;
+	}
+
+	return (size_t)iDestPos;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Encodes a string (or binary data) from URL encoding format, see rfc1738 section 2.2.  
+//          This version of the call isn't a strict RFC implementation, but uses + for space as is
+//          the standard in HTML form encoding, despite it not being part of the RFC.
+//
+//          Dest buffer should be at least as large as source buffer to guarantee room for decode.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void Q_URLEncode( char *pchDest, int nDestLen, const char *pchSource, int nSourceLen )
+{
+	return Q_URLEncodeInternal( pchDest, nDestLen, pchSource, nSourceLen, true );
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Decodes a string (or binary data) from URL encoding format, see rfc1738 section 2.2.  
+//          This version of the call isn't a strict RFC implementation, but uses + for space as is
+//          the standard in HTML form encoding, despite it not being part of the RFC.
+//
+//          Dest buffer should be at least as large as source buffer to guarantee room for decode.
+//			Dest buffer being the same as the source buffer (decode in-place) is explicitly allowed.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+size_t Q_URLDecode( char *pchDecodeDest, int nDecodeDestLen, const char *pchEncodedSource, int nEncodedSourceLen )
+{
+	return Q_URLDecodeInternal( pchDecodeDest, nDecodeDestLen, pchEncodedSource, nEncodedSourceLen, true );
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Encodes a string (or binary data) from URL encoding format, see rfc1738 section 2.2.  
+//          This version will not encode space as + (which HTML form encoding uses despite not being part of the RFC)
+//
+//          Dest buffer should be at least as large as source buffer to guarantee room for decode.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void Q_URLEncodeRaw( char *pchDest, int nDestLen, const char *pchSource, int nSourceLen )
+{
+	return Q_URLEncodeInternal( pchDest, nDestLen, pchSource, nSourceLen, false );
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Decodes a string (or binary data) from URL encoding format, see rfc1738 section 2.2.  
+//          This version will not recognize + as a space (which HTML form encoding uses despite not being part of the RFC)
+//
+//          Dest buffer should be at least as large as source buffer to guarantee room for decode.
+//			Dest buffer being the same as the source buffer (decode in-place) is explicitly allowed.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+size_t Q_URLDecodeRaw( char *pchDecodeDest, int nDecodeDestLen, const char *pchEncodedSource, int nEncodedSourceLen )
+{
+	return Q_URLDecodeInternal( pchDecodeDest, nDecodeDestLen, pchEncodedSource, nEncodedSourceLen, false );
+}
+
+#if defined( LINUX ) || defined( _PS3 )
+extern "C" void qsort_s( void *base, size_t num, size_t width, int (*compare )(void *, const void *, const void *), void * context );
+#endif
+
+void V_qsort_s( void *base, size_t num, size_t width, int ( __cdecl *compare )(void *, const void *, const void *), void * context ) 
+{
+#if defined OSX
+	// the arguments are swapped 'round on the mac - awesome, huh?
+	return qsort_r( base, num, width, context, compare );
+#else
+	return qsort_s( base, num, width, compare, context );
+#endif
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: format the time and/or date with the user's current locale
+// If timeVal is 0, gets the current time
+//
+// This is generally for use with chatroom dialogs, etc. which need to be
+// able to say "Last message received: %date% at %time%"
+//
+// Note that this uses time_t because RTime32 is not hooked-up on the client
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool BGetLocalFormattedDateAndTime( time_t timeVal, char *pchDate, int cubDate, char *pchTime, int cubTime )
+{
+	if ( 0 == timeVal || timeVal < 0 )
+	{
+		// get the current time
+		time( &timeVal );
+	}
+
+	if ( timeVal )
+	{
+		// Convert it to our local time
+		struct tm tmStruct;
+		struct tm tmToDisplay = *( Plat_localtime( ( const time_t* )&timeVal, &tmStruct ) );
+#ifdef POSIX
+		if ( pchDate != NULL )
+		{
+			pchDate[ 0 ] = 0;
+			if ( 0 == strftime( pchDate, cubDate, "%A %b %d", &tmToDisplay ) )
+				return false;
+		}
+
+		if ( pchTime != NULL )
+		{
+			pchTime[ 0 ] = 0;
+			if ( 0 == strftime( pchTime, cubTime - 6, "%I:%M ", &tmToDisplay ) )
+				return false;
+
+			// append am/pm in lower case (since strftime doesn't have a lowercase formatting option)
+			if (tmToDisplay.tm_hour >= 12)
+			{
+				Q_strcat( pchTime, "p.m.", cubTime );
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				Q_strcat( pchTime, "a.m.", cubTime );
+			}
+		}
+#else // WINDOWS
+		// convert time_t to a SYSTEMTIME
+		SYSTEMTIME st;
+		st.wHour = tmToDisplay.tm_hour;
+		st.wMinute = tmToDisplay.tm_min;
+		st.wSecond = tmToDisplay.tm_sec;
+		st.wDay = tmToDisplay.tm_mday;
+		st.wMonth = tmToDisplay.tm_mon + 1;
+		st.wYear = tmToDisplay.tm_year + 1900;
+		st.wDayOfWeek = tmToDisplay.tm_wday;
+		st.wMilliseconds = 0;
+
+		WCHAR rgwch[ MAX_PATH ];
+
+		if ( pchDate != NULL )
+		{
+			pchDate[ 0 ] = 0;
+			if ( !GetDateFormatW( LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DATE_LONGDATE, &st, NULL, rgwch, MAX_PATH ) )
+				return false;
+			Q_strncpy( pchDate, CStrAutoEncode( rgwch ).ToString(), cubDate );
+		}
+
+		if ( pchTime != NULL )
+		{
+			pchTime[ 0 ] = 0;
+			if ( !GetTimeFormatW( LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, TIME_NOSECONDS, &st, NULL, rgwch, MAX_PATH ) )
+				return false;
+			Q_strncpy( pchTime, CStrAutoEncode( rgwch ).ToString(), cubTime );
+		}
+#endif
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+
+// And a couple of helpers so people don't have to remember the order of the parameters in the above function
+bool BGetLocalFormattedDate( time_t timeVal, char *pchDate, int cubDate )
+{
+	return BGetLocalFormattedDateAndTime( timeVal, pchDate, cubDate, NULL, 0 );
+}
+bool BGetLocalFormattedTime( time_t timeVal, char *pchTime, int cubTime )
+{
+	return BGetLocalFormattedDateAndTime( timeVal, NULL, 0, pchTime, cubTime );
+}
+
+// Prints out a memory dump where stuff that's ascii is human readable, etc.
+void V_LogMultiline( bool input, char const *label, const char *data, size_t len, CUtlString &output )
+{
+	static const char HEX[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+	const char * direction = (input ? " << " : " >> ");
+	const size_t LINE_SIZE = 24;
+	char hex_line[LINE_SIZE * 9 / 4 + 2], asc_line[LINE_SIZE + 1];
+	while (len > 0) 
+	{
+		V_memset(asc_line, ' ', sizeof(asc_line));
+		V_memset(hex_line, ' ', sizeof(hex_line));
+		size_t line_len = MIN(len, LINE_SIZE);
+		for (size_t i=0; i<line_len; ++i) {
+			unsigned char ch = static_cast<unsigned char>(data[i]);
+			asc_line[i] = ( V_isprint(ch) && !V_iscntrl(ch) ) ? data[i] : '.';
+			hex_line[i*2 + i/4] = HEX[ch >> 4];
+			hex_line[i*2 + i/4 + 1] = HEX[ch & 0xf];
+		}
+		asc_line[sizeof(asc_line)-1] = 0;
+		hex_line[sizeof(hex_line)-1] = 0;
+		output += CFmtStr( "%s %s %s %s\n", label, direction, asc_line, hex_line );
+		data += line_len;
+		len -= line_len;
+	}
+}
+
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+// Win32 CRT doesn't support the full range of UChar32, has no extended planes
+inline int V_iswspace( int c ) { return ( c <= 0xFFFF ) ? iswspace( (wint_t)c ) : 0; }
+#else
+#define V_iswspace(x) iswspace(x)
+#endif
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Slightly modified strtok. Does not modify the input string. Does
+//			not skip over more than one separator at a time. This allows parsing
+//			strings where tokens between separators may or may not be present:
+//
+//			Door01,,,0 would be parsed as "Door01"  ""  ""  "0"
+//			Door01,Open,,0 would be parsed as "Door01"  "Open"  ""  "0"
+//
+// Input  : token - Returns with a token, or zero length if the token was missing.
+//			str - String to parse.
+//			sep - Character to use as separator. UNDONE: allow multiple separator chars
+// Output : Returns a pointer to the next token to be parsed.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const char *nexttoken(char *token, size_t nMaxTokenLen, const char *str, char sep)
+{
+	if (nMaxTokenLen < 1)
+	{
+		Assert(nMaxTokenLen > 0);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if ((str == NULL) || (*str == '\0'))
+	{
+		*token = '\0';
+		return(NULL);
+	}
+
+	char *pTokenLast = token + nMaxTokenLen - 1;
+
+	//
+	// Copy everything up to the first separator into the return buffer.
+	// Do not include separators in the return buffer.
+	//
+	while ((*str != sep) && (*str != '\0') && (token < pTokenLast))
+	{
+		*token++ = *str++;
+	}
+	*token = '\0';
+
+	//
+	// Advance the pointer unless we hit the end of the input string.
+	//
+	if (*str == '\0')
+	{
+		return(str);
+	}
+
+	return(++str);
+}
+
+int V_StrTrim( char *pStr )
+{
+	char *pSource = pStr;
+	char *pDest = pStr;
+
+	// skip white space at the beginning
+	while ( *pSource != 0 && V_isspace( *pSource ) )
+	{
+		pSource++;
+	}
+
+	// copy everything else
+	char *pLastWhiteBlock = NULL;
+	char *pStart = pDest;
+	while ( *pSource != 0 )
+	{
+		*pDest = *pSource++;
+		if ( V_isspace( *pDest ) )
+		{
+			if ( pLastWhiteBlock == NULL )
+				pLastWhiteBlock = pDest;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			pLastWhiteBlock = NULL;
+		}
+		pDest++;
+	}
+	*pDest = 0;
+
+	// did we end in a whitespace block?
+	if ( pLastWhiteBlock != NULL )
+	{
+		// yep; shorten the string
+		pDest = pLastWhiteBlock;
+		*pLastWhiteBlock = 0;
+	}
+
+	return pDest - pStart;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+int64 V_strtoi64( const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base )
+{
+	return _strtoi64( nptr, endptr, base );
+}
+
+uint64 V_strtoui64( const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base )
+{
+	return _strtoui64( nptr, endptr, base );
+}
+#elif POSIX
+int64 V_strtoi64( const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base )
+{
+	return strtoll( nptr, endptr, base );
+}
+
+uint64 V_strtoui64( const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base )
+{
+	return strtoull( nptr, endptr, base );
+}
+#endif
+
+
+struct HtmlEntity_t
+{
+	unsigned short uCharCode;
+	const char *pchEntity;
+	int nEntityLength;
+};
+
+const static HtmlEntity_t g_BasicHTMLEntities[] = {
+		{ '"', "&quot;", 6 },
+		{ '\'', "&#039;", 6 },
+		{ '<', "&lt;", 4 },
+		{ '>', "&gt;", 4 },
+		{ '&', "&amp;", 5 },
+		{ 0, NULL, 0 } // sentinel for end of array
+};
+
+const static HtmlEntity_t g_WhitespaceEntities[] = {
+		{ ' ', "&nbsp;", 6 },
+		{ '\n', "<br>", 4 },
+		{ 0, NULL, 0 } // sentinel for end of array
+};
+
+
+struct Tier1FullHTMLEntity_t
+{
+	uchar32 uCharCode;
+	const char *pchEntity;
+	int nEntityLength;
+};
+
+
+#pragma warning( push )
+#pragma warning( disable : 4428 ) // universal-character-name encountered in source
+const Tier1FullHTMLEntity_t g_Tier1_FullHTMLEntities[] =
+{
+	{ L'"', "&quot;", 6 },
+	{ L'\'', "&apos;", 6 },
+	{ L'&', "&amp;", 5 },
+	{ L'<', "&lt;", 4 },
+	{ L'>', "&gt;", 4 },
+	{ L' ', "&nbsp;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u2122', "&trade;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00A9', "&copy;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00AE', "&reg;", 5 },
+	{ L'\u2013', "&ndash;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u2014', "&mdash;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u20AC', "&euro;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00A1', "&iexcl;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00A2', "&cent;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00A3', "&pound;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00A4', "&curren;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00A5', "&yen;", 5 },
+	{ L'\u00A6', "&brvbar;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00A7', "&sect;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00A8', "&uml;", 5 },
+	{ L'\u00AA', "&ordf;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00AB', "&laquo;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00AC', "&not;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00AD', "&shy;", 5 },
+	{ L'\u00AF', "&macr;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00B0', "&deg;", 5 },
+	{ L'\u00B1', "&plusmn;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00B2', "&sup2;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00B3', "&sup3;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00B4', "&acute;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00B5', "&micro;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00B6', "&para;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00B7', "&middot;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00B8', "&cedil;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00B9', "&sup1;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00BA', "&ordm;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00BB', "&raquo;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00BC', "&frac14;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00BD', "&frac12;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00BE', "&frac34;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00BF', "&iquest;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00D7', "&times;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00F7', "&divide;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00C0', "&Agrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00C1', "&Aacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00C2', "&Acirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00C3', "&Atilde;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00C4', "&Auml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00C5', "&Aring;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00C6', "&AElig;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00C7', "&Ccedil;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00C8', "&Egrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00C9', "&Eacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00CA', "&Ecirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00CB', "&Euml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00CC', "&Igrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00CD', "&Iacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00CE', "&Icirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00CF', "&Iuml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00D0', "&ETH;", 5 },
+	{ L'\u00D1', "&Ntilde;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00D2', "&Ograve;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00D3', "&Oacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00D4', "&Ocirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00D5', "&Otilde;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00D6', "&Ouml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00D8', "&Oslash;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00D9', "&Ugrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00DA', "&Uacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00DB', "&Ucirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00DC', "&Uuml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00DD', "&Yacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00DE', "&THORN;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00DF', "&szlig;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00E0', "&agrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00E1', "&aacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00E2', "&acirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00E3', "&atilde;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00E4', "&auml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00E5', "&aring;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00E6', "&aelig;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00E7', "&ccedil;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00E8', "&egrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00E9', "&eacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00EA', "&ecirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00EB', "&euml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00EC', "&igrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00ED', "&iacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00EE', "&icirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00EF', "&iuml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00F0', "&eth;", 5 },
+	{ L'\u00F1', "&ntilde;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00F2', "&ograve;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00F3', "&oacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00F4', "&ocirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00F5', "&otilde;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00F6', "&ouml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00F8', "&oslash;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00F9', "&ugrave;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00FA', "&uacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00FB', "&ucirc;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00FC', "&uuml;", 6 },
+	{ L'\u00FD', "&yacute;", 8 },
+	{ L'\u00FE', "&thorn;", 7 },
+	{ L'\u00FF', "&yuml;", 6 },
+	{ 0, NULL, 0 } // sentinel for end of array
+};
+#pragma warning( pop )
+
+
+
+bool V_BasicHtmlEntityEncode( char *pDest, const int nDestSize, char const *pIn, const int nInSize, bool bPreserveWhitespace /*= false*/ )
+{
+	Assert( nDestSize == 0 || pDest != NULL );
+	int iOutput = 0;
+	for ( int iInput = 0; iInput < nInSize; ++iInput )
+	{
+		bool bReplacementDone = false;
+		// See if the current char matches any of the basic entities
+		for ( int i = 0; g_BasicHTMLEntities[ i ].uCharCode != 0; ++i )
+		{
+			if ( pIn[ iInput ] == g_BasicHTMLEntities[ i ].uCharCode )
+			{
+				bReplacementDone = true;
+				for ( int j = 0; j < g_BasicHTMLEntities[ i ].nEntityLength; ++j )
+				{
+					if ( iOutput >= nDestSize - 1 )
+					{
+						pDest[ nDestSize - 1 ] = 0;
+						return false;
+					}
+					pDest[ iOutput++ ] = g_BasicHTMLEntities[ i ].pchEntity[ j ];
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ( bPreserveWhitespace && !bReplacementDone )
+		{
+			// See if the current char matches any of the basic entities
+			for ( int i = 0; g_WhitespaceEntities[ i ].uCharCode != 0; ++i )
+			{
+				if ( pIn[ iInput ] == g_WhitespaceEntities[ i ].uCharCode )
+				{
+					bReplacementDone = true;
+					for ( int j = 0; j < g_WhitespaceEntities[ i ].nEntityLength; ++j )
+					{
+						if ( iOutput >= nDestSize - 1 )
+						{
+							pDest[ nDestSize - 1 ] = 0;
+							return false;
+						}
+						pDest[ iOutput++ ] = g_WhitespaceEntities[ i ].pchEntity[ j ];
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ( !bReplacementDone )
+		{
+			pDest[ iOutput++ ] = pIn[ iInput ];
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Null terminate the output
+	pDest[ iOutput ] = 0;
+	return true;
+}
+
+
+bool V_HtmlEntityDecodeToUTF8( char *pDest, const int nDestSize, char const *pIn, const int nInSize )
+{
+	Assert( nDestSize == 0 || pDest != NULL );
+	int iOutput = 0;
+	for ( int iInput = 0; iInput < nInSize && iOutput < nDestSize; ++iInput )
+	{
+		bool bReplacementDone = false;
+		if ( pIn[ iInput ] == '&' )
+		{
+			bReplacementDone = true;
+
+			uchar32 wrgchReplacement[ 2 ] = { 0, 0 };
+			char rgchReplacement[ 8 ];
+			rgchReplacement[ 0 ] = 0;
+
+			const char *pchEnd = Q_strstr( pIn + iInput + 1, ";" );
+			if ( pchEnd )
+			{
+				if ( iInput + 1 < nInSize && pIn[ iInput + 1 ] == '#' )
+				{
+					// Numeric
+					int iBase = 10;
+					int iOffset = 2;
+					if ( iInput + 3 < nInSize && pIn[ iInput + 2 ] == 'x' )
+					{
+						iBase = 16;
+						iOffset = 3;
+					}
+
+					wrgchReplacement[ 0 ] = (uchar32)V_strtoi64( pIn + iInput + iOffset, NULL, iBase );
+					if ( !Q_UTF32ToUTF8( wrgchReplacement, rgchReplacement, sizeof( rgchReplacement ) ) )
+					{
+						rgchReplacement[ 0 ] = 0;
+					}
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					// Lookup in map
+					const Tier1FullHTMLEntity_t *pFullEntities = g_Tier1_FullHTMLEntities;
+					for ( int i = 0; pFullEntities[ i ].uCharCode != 0; ++i )
+					{
+						if ( nInSize - iInput - 1 >= pFullEntities[ i ].nEntityLength )
+						{
+							if ( Q_memcmp( pIn + iInput, pFullEntities[ i ].pchEntity, pFullEntities[ i ].nEntityLength ) == 0 )
+							{
+								wrgchReplacement[ 0 ] = pFullEntities[ i ].uCharCode;
+								if ( !Q_UTF32ToUTF8( wrgchReplacement, rgchReplacement, sizeof( rgchReplacement ) ) )
+								{
+									rgchReplacement[ 0 ] = 0;
+								}
+								break;
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
+				// make sure we found a replacement. If not, skip
+				int cchReplacement = V_strlen( rgchReplacement );
+				if ( cchReplacement > 0 )
+				{
+					if ( (int)cchReplacement + iOutput < nDestSize )
+					{
+						for ( int i = 0; rgchReplacement[ i ] != 0; ++i )
+						{
+							pDest[ iOutput++ ] = rgchReplacement[ i ];
+						}
+					}
+
+					// Skip extra space that we passed
+					iInput += pchEnd - ( pIn + iInput );
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					bReplacementDone = false;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ( !bReplacementDone )
+		{
+			pDest[ iOutput++ ] = pIn[ iInput ];
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Null terminate the output
+	if ( iOutput < nDestSize )
+	{
+		pDest[ iOutput ] = 0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		pDest[ nDestSize - 1 ] = 0;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static const char *g_pszSimpleBBCodeReplacements[] = {
+	"[b]", "<b>",
+	"[/b]", "</b>",
+	"[i]", "<i>",
+	"[/i]", "</i>",
+	"[u]", "<u>",
+	"[/u]", "</u>",
+	"[s]", "<s>",
+	"[/s]", "</s>",
+	"[code]", "<pre>",
+	"[/code]", "</pre>",
+	"[h1]", "<h1>",
+	"[/h1]", "</h1>",
+	"[list]", "<ul>",
+	"[/list]", "</ul>",
+	"[*]", "<li>",
+	"[/url]", "</a>",
+	"[img]", "<img src=\"",
+	"[/img]", "\"></img>",
+};
+
+// Converts BBCode tags to HTML tags
+bool V_BBCodeToHTML( OUT_Z_CAP( nDestSize ) char *pDest, const int nDestSize, char const *pIn, const int nInSize )
+{
+	Assert( nDestSize == 0 || pDest != NULL );
+	int iOutput = 0;
+
+	for ( int iInput = 0; iInput < nInSize && iOutput < nDestSize && pIn[ iInput ]; ++iInput )
+	{
+		if ( pIn[ iInput ] == '[' )
+		{
+			// check simple replacements
+			bool bFoundReplacement = false;
+			for ( int r = 0; r < ARRAYSIZE( g_pszSimpleBBCodeReplacements ); r += 2 )
+			{
+				int nBBCodeLength = V_strlen( g_pszSimpleBBCodeReplacements[ r ] );
+				if ( !V_strnicmp( &pIn[ iInput ], g_pszSimpleBBCodeReplacements[ r ], nBBCodeLength ) )
+				{
+					int nHTMLReplacementLength = V_strlen( g_pszSimpleBBCodeReplacements[ r + 1 ] );
+					for ( int c = 0; c < nHTMLReplacementLength && iOutput < nDestSize; c++ )
+					{
+						pDest[ iOutput ] = g_pszSimpleBBCodeReplacements[ r + 1 ][ c ];
+						iOutput++;
+					}
+					iInput += nBBCodeLength - 1;
+					bFoundReplacement = true;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			// check URL replacement
+			if ( !bFoundReplacement && !V_strnicmp( &pIn[ iInput ], "[url=", 5 ) && nDestSize - iOutput > 9 )
+			{
+				iInput += 5;
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '<';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'a';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = ' ';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'h';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'r';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'e';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'f';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '=';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '\"';
+
+				// copy all characters up to the closing square bracket
+				while ( pIn[ iInput ] != ']' && iInput < nInSize && iOutput < nDestSize )
+				{
+					pDest[ iOutput++ ] = pIn[ iInput++ ];
+				}
+				if ( pIn[ iInput ] == ']' && nDestSize - iOutput > 2 )
+				{
+					pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '\"';
+					pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '>';
+				}
+				bFoundReplacement = true;
+			}
+			// otherwise, skip over everything up to the closing square bracket
+			if ( !bFoundReplacement )
+			{
+				while ( pIn[ iInput ] != ']' && iInput < nInSize )
+				{
+					iInput++;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		else if ( pIn[ iInput ] == '\r' && pIn[ iInput + 1 ] == '\n' )
+		{
+			// convert carriage return and newline to a <br>
+			if ( nDestSize - iOutput > 4 )
+			{
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '<';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'b';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'r';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '>';
+			}
+			iInput++;
+		}
+		else if ( pIn[ iInput ] == '\n' )
+		{
+			// convert newline to a <br>
+			if ( nDestSize - iOutput > 4 )
+			{
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '<';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'b';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = 'r';
+				pDest[ iOutput++ ] = '>';
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// copy character to destination
+			pDest[ iOutput++ ] = pIn[ iInput ];
+		}
+	}
+	// always terminate string
+	if ( iOutput >= nDestSize )
+	{
+		iOutput = nDestSize - 1;
+	}
+	pDest[ iOutput ] = 0;
+	return true;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: returns true if a wide character is a "mean" space; that is,
+//			if it is technically a space or punctuation, but causes disruptive
+//			behavior when used in names, web pages, chat windows, etc.
+//
+//			characters in this set are removed from the beginning and/or end of strings
+//			by Q_AggressiveStripPrecedingAndTrailingWhitespaceW() 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_IsMeanUnderscoreW( wchar_t wch )
+{
+	bool bIsMean = false;
+
+	switch ( wch )
+	{
+	case L'\x005f':	  // low line (normal underscore)
+	case L'\xff3f':	  // fullwidth low line
+	case L'\x0332':	  // combining low line
+		bIsMean = true;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return bIsMean;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: returns true if a wide character is a "mean" space; that is,
+//			if it is technically a space or punctuation, but causes disruptive
+//			behavior when used in names, web pages, chat windows, etc.
+//
+//			characters in this set are removed from the beginning and/or end of strings
+//			by Q_AggressiveStripPrecedingAndTrailingWhitespaceW() 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_IsMeanSpaceW( wchar_t wch )
+{
+	bool bIsMean = false;
+
+	switch ( wch )
+	{
+	case L'\x0080':	  // PADDING CHARACTER
+	case L'\x0081':	  // HIGH OCTET PRESET
+	case L'\x0082':	  // BREAK PERMITTED HERE
+	case L'\x0083':	  // NO BREAK PERMITTED HERE
+	case L'\x0084':	  // INDEX
+	case L'\x0085':	  // NEXT LINE
+	case L'\x0086':	  // START OF SELECTED AREA
+	case L'\x0087':	  // END OF SELECTED AREA
+	case L'\x0088':	  // CHARACTER TABULATION SET
+	case L'\x0089':	  // CHARACTER TABULATION WITH JUSTIFICATION
+	case L'\x008A':	  // LINE TABULATION SET
+	case L'\x008B':	  // PARTIAL LINE FORWARD
+	case L'\x008C':	  // PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD
+	case L'\x008D':	  // REVERSE LINE FEED
+	case L'\x008E':	  // SINGLE SHIFT 2
+	case L'\x008F':	  // SINGLE SHIFT 3
+	case L'\x0090':	  // DEVICE CONTROL STRING
+	case L'\x0091':	  // PRIVATE USE
+	case L'\x0092':	  // PRIVATE USE
+	case L'\x0093':	  // SET TRANSMIT STATE
+	case L'\x0094':	  // CANCEL CHARACTER
+	case L'\x0095':	  // MESSAGE WAITING
+	case L'\x0096':	  // START OF PROTECTED AREA
+	case L'\x0097':	  // END OF PROTECED AREA
+	case L'\x0098':	  // START OF STRING
+	case L'\x0099':	  // SINGLE GRAPHIC CHARACTER INTRODUCER
+	case L'\x009A':	  // SINGLE CHARACTER INTRODUCER
+	case L'\x009B':	  // CONTROL SEQUENCE INTRODUCER
+	case L'\x009C':	  // STRING TERMINATOR
+	case L'\x009D':	  // OPERATING SYSTEM COMMAND
+	case L'\x009E':	  // PRIVACY MESSAGE
+	case L'\x009F':	  // APPLICATION PROGRAM COMMAND
+	case L'\x00A0':	  // NO-BREAK SPACE
+	case L'\x034F':   // COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
+	case L'\x2000':   // EN QUAD
+	case L'\x2001':   // EM QUAD
+	case L'\x2002':   // EN SPACE
+	case L'\x2003':   // EM SPACE
+	case L'\x2004':   // THICK SPACE
+	case L'\x2005':   // MID SPACE
+	case L'\x2006':   // SIX SPACE
+	case L'\x2007':   // figure space
+	case L'\x2008':   // PUNCTUATION SPACE
+	case L'\x2009':   // THIN SPACE
+	case L'\x200A':   // HAIR SPACE
+	case L'\x200B':   // ZERO-WIDTH SPACE
+	case L'\x200C':   // ZERO-WIDTH NON-JOINER
+	case L'\x200D':   // ZERO WIDTH JOINER
+	case L'\x2028':   // LINE SEPARATOR
+	case L'\x2029':   // PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR
+	case L'\x202F':   // NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE
+	case L'\x2060':   // word joiner
+	case L'\xFEFF':   // ZERO-WIDTH NO BREAK SPACE
+	case L'\xFFFC':   // OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
+		bIsMean = true;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return bIsMean;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: tell us if a Unicode character is deprecated
+//
+// See Unicode Technical Report #20: http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/
+//
+// Some characters are difficult or unreliably rendered. These characters eventually
+// fell out of the Unicode standard, but are abusable by users. For example,
+// setting "RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE" without popping or undoing the action causes
+// the layout instruction to bleed into following characters in HTML renderings,
+// or upset layout calculations in vgui panels.
+//
+// Many games don't cope with these characters well, and end up providing opportunities
+// for griefing others. For example, a user might join a game with a malformed player
+// name and it turns out that player name can't be selected or typed into the admin
+// console or UI to mute, kick, or ban the disruptive player. 
+//
+// Ideally, we'd perfectly support these end-to-end but we never realistically will.
+// The benefit of doing so far outweighs the cost, anyway.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_IsDeprecatedW( wchar_t wch )
+{
+	bool bIsDeprecated = false;
+
+	switch ( wch )
+	{
+	case L'\x202A':		// LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
+	case L'\x202B':		// RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING
+	case L'\x202C':		// POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
+	case L'\x202D':		// LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE
+	case L'\x202E':		// RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE
+
+	case L'\x206A':		// INHIBIT SYMMETRIC SWAPPING
+	case L'\x206B':		// ACTIVATE SYMMETRIC SWAPPING
+	case L'\x206C':		// INHIBIT ARABIC FORM SHAPING
+	case L'\x206D':		// ACTIVATE ARABIC FORM SHAPING
+	case L'\x206E':		// NATIONAL DIGIT SHAPES
+	case L'\x206F':		// NOMINAL DIGIT SHAPES
+		bIsDeprecated = true;
+	}
+
+	return bIsDeprecated;
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// returns true if the character is allowed in a DNS doman name, false otherwise
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_IsValidDomainNameCharacter( const char *pch, int *pAdvanceBytes )
+{
+	if ( pAdvanceBytes )
+		*pAdvanceBytes = 0;
+
+
+	// We allow unicode in Domain Names without the an encoding unless it corresponds to 
+	// a whitespace or control sequence or something we think is an underscore looking thing.
+	// If this character is the start of a UTF-8 sequence, try decoding it.
+	unsigned char ch = (unsigned char)*pch;
+	if ( ( ch & 0xC0 ) == 0xC0 )
+	{
+		uchar32 rgch32Buf;
+		bool bError = false;
+		int iAdvance = Q_UTF8ToUChar32( pch, rgch32Buf, bError );
+		if ( bError || iAdvance == 0 )
+		{
+			// Invalid UTF8 sequence, lets consider that invalid
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if ( pAdvanceBytes )
+			*pAdvanceBytes = iAdvance;
+
+		if ( iAdvance )
+		{
+			// Ick. Want uchar32 versions of unicode character classification functions.
+			// Really would like Q_IsWhitespace32 and Q_IsNonPrintable32, but this is OK.
+			if ( rgch32Buf < 0x10000 && ( V_IsMeanSpaceW( (wchar_t)rgch32Buf ) || V_IsDeprecatedW( (wchar_t)rgch32Buf ) || V_IsMeanUnderscoreW( (wchar_t)rgch32Buf ) ) )
+			{
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			return true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// Unreachable but would be invalid utf8
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// Was not unicode
+		if ( pAdvanceBytes )
+			*pAdvanceBytes = 1;
+
+		// The only allowable non-unicode chars are a-z A-Z 0-9 and -
+		if ( ( ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z' ) || ( ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z' ) || ( ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' ) || ch == '-' || ch == '.' )
+			return true;
+
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// returns true if the character is allowed in a URL, false otherwise
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_IsValidURLCharacter( const char *pch, int *pAdvanceBytes )
+{
+	if ( pAdvanceBytes )
+		*pAdvanceBytes = 0;
+
+
+	// We allow unicode in URLs unless it corresponds to a whitespace or control sequence.
+	// If this character is the start of a UTF-8 sequence, try decoding it.
+	unsigned char ch = (unsigned char)*pch;
+	if ( ( ch & 0xC0 ) == 0xC0 )
+	{
+		uchar32 rgch32Buf;
+		bool bError = false;
+		int iAdvance = Q_UTF8ToUChar32( pch, rgch32Buf, bError );
+		if ( bError || iAdvance == 0 )
+		{
+			// Invalid UTF8 sequence, lets consider that invalid
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if ( pAdvanceBytes )
+			*pAdvanceBytes = iAdvance;
+
+		if ( iAdvance )
+		{
+			// Ick. Want uchar32 versions of unicode character classification functions.
+			// Really would like Q_IsWhitespace32 and Q_IsNonPrintable32, but this is OK.
+			if ( rgch32Buf < 0x10000 && ( V_IsMeanSpaceW( (wchar_t)rgch32Buf ) || V_IsDeprecatedW( (wchar_t)rgch32Buf ) ) )
+			{
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			return true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// Unreachable but would be invalid utf8
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// Was not unicode
+		if ( pAdvanceBytes )
+			*pAdvanceBytes = 1;
+
+		// Spaces, control characters, quotes, and angle brackets are not legal URL characters.
+		if ( ch <= 32 || ch == 127 || ch == '"' || ch == '<' || ch == '>' )
+			return false;
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: helper function to get a domain from a url
+//			Checks both standard url and steam://openurl/<url>
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_ExtractDomainFromURL( const char *pchURL, char *pchDomain, int cchDomain )
+{
+	pchDomain[ 0 ] = 0;
+
+	static const char *k_pchSteamOpenUrl = "steam://openurl/";
+	static const char *k_pchSteamOpenUrlExt = "steam://openurl_external/";
+
+	const char *pchOpenUrlSuffix = StringAfterPrefix( pchURL, k_pchSteamOpenUrl );
+	if ( pchOpenUrlSuffix == NULL )
+		pchOpenUrlSuffix = StringAfterPrefix( pchURL, k_pchSteamOpenUrlExt );
+
+	if ( pchOpenUrlSuffix )
+		pchURL = pchOpenUrlSuffix;
+
+	if ( !pchURL || pchURL[ 0 ] == '\0' )
+		return false;
+
+	const char *pchDoubleSlash = strstr( pchURL, "//" );
+
+	// Put the domain and everything after into pchDomain.
+	// We'll find where to terminate it later.
+	if ( pchDoubleSlash )
+	{
+		// Skip the slashes
+		pchDoubleSlash += 2;
+
+		// If that's all there was, then there's no domain here. Bail.
+		if ( *pchDoubleSlash == '\0' )
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		// Skip any extra slashes
+		// ex: http:///steamcommunity.com/
+		while ( *pchDoubleSlash == '/' )
+		{
+			pchDoubleSlash++;
+		}
+
+		Q_strncpy( pchDomain, pchDoubleSlash, cchDomain );
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// No double slash, so pchURL has no protocol.
+		Q_strncpy( pchDomain, pchURL, cchDomain );
+	}
+
+	// First character has to be valid
+	if ( *pchDomain == '?' || *pchDomain == '\0' )
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	// terminate the domain after the first non domain char
+	int iAdvance = 0;
+	int iStrLen = 0;
+	char cLast = 0;
+	while ( pchDomain[ iStrLen ] )
+	{
+		if ( !V_IsValidDomainNameCharacter( pchDomain + iStrLen, &iAdvance ) || ( pchDomain[ iStrLen ] == '.' && cLast == '.' ) )
+		{
+			pchDomain[ iStrLen ] = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		cLast = pchDomain[ iStrLen ];
+		iStrLen += iAdvance;
+	}
+
+	return ( pchDomain[ 0 ] != 0 );
+}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: helper function to get a domain from a url
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool V_URLContainsDomain( const char *pchURL, const char *pchDomain )
+{
+	char rgchExtractedDomain[ 2048 ];
+	if ( V_ExtractDomainFromURL( pchURL, rgchExtractedDomain, sizeof( rgchExtractedDomain ) ) )
+	{
+		// see if the last part of the domain matches what we extracted
+		int cchExtractedDomain = V_strlen( rgchExtractedDomain );
+		if ( pchDomain[ 0 ] == '.' )
+		{
+			++pchDomain;		// If the domain has a leading '.', skip it. The test below assumes there is none.
+		}
+		int cchDomain = V_strlen( pchDomain );
+
+		if ( cchDomain > cchExtractedDomain )
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+		else if ( cchExtractedDomain >= cchDomain )
+		{
+			// If the actual domain is longer than what we're searching for, the character previous
+			// to the domain we're searching for must be a period
+			if ( cchExtractedDomain > cchDomain && rgchExtractedDomain[ cchExtractedDomain - cchDomain - 1 ] != '.' )
+				return false;
+
+			if ( 0 == V_stricmp( rgchExtractedDomain + cchExtractedDomain - cchDomain, pchDomain ) )
+				return true;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Strips all HTML tags not specified in rgszPreserveTags
+//			Does some additional formatting, like turning <li> into * when not preserving that tag,
+//          and auto-closing unclosed tags if they aren't specified in rgszNoCloseTags
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_StripAndPreserveHTMLCore( CUtlBuffer *pbuffer, const char *pchHTML, const char **rgszPreserveTags, uint cPreserveTags, const char **rgszNoCloseTags, uint cNoCloseTags, uint cMaxResultSize )
+{
+	uint cHTMLCur = 0;
+
+	bool bStripNewLines = true;
+	if ( cPreserveTags > 0 )
+	{
+		for ( uint i = 0; i < cPreserveTags; ++i )
+		{
+			if ( !Q_stricmp( rgszPreserveTags[ i ], "\n" ) )
+				bStripNewLines = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	//state-
+	bool bInStrippedTag = false;
+	bool bInStrippedContentTag = false;
+	bool bInPreservedTag = false;
+	bool bInListItemTag = false;
+	bool bLastCharWasWhitespace = true; //set to true to strip leading whitespace
+	bool bInComment = false;
+	bool bInDoubleQuote = false;
+	bool bInSingleQuote = false;
+	int nPreTagDepth = 0;
+	CUtlVector< const char* > vecTagStack;
+
+	for ( int iContents = 0; pchHTML[ iContents ] != '\0' && cHTMLCur < cMaxResultSize; iContents++ )
+	{
+		char c = pchHTML[ iContents ];
+
+		// If we are entering a comment, flag as such and skip past the begin comment tag
+		const char *pchCur = &pchHTML[ iContents ];
+		if ( !Q_strnicmp( pchCur, "<!--", 4 ) )
+		{
+			bInComment = true;
+			iContents += 3;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		// If we are in a comment, check if we are exiting
+		if ( bInComment )
+		{
+			if ( !Q_strnicmp( pchCur, "-->", 3 ) )
+			{
+				bInComment = false;
+				iContents += 2;
+				continue;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ( bInStrippedTag || bInPreservedTag )
+		{
+			// we're inside a tag, keep stripping/preserving until we get to a >
+			if ( bInPreservedTag )
+				pbuffer->PutChar( c );
+
+			// While inside a tag, ignore ending > properties if they are inside a property value in "" or ''
+			if ( c == '"' )
+			{
+				if ( bInDoubleQuote )
+					bInDoubleQuote = false;
+				else
+					bInDoubleQuote = true;
+			}
+
+			if ( c == '\'' )
+			{
+				if ( bInSingleQuote )
+					bInSingleQuote = false;
+				else
+					bInSingleQuote = true;
+			}
+
+			if ( !bInDoubleQuote && !bInSingleQuote && c == '>' )
+			{
+				if ( bInPreservedTag )
+					bLastCharWasWhitespace = false;
+
+				bInPreservedTag = false;
+				bInStrippedTag = false;
+			}
+		}
+		else if ( bInStrippedContentTag )
+		{
+			if ( c == '<' && !Q_strnicmp( pchCur, "</script>", 9 ) )
+			{
+				bInStrippedContentTag = false;
+				iContents += 8;
+				continue;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		else if ( c & 0x80 && !bInStrippedContentTag )
+		{
+			// start/continuation of a multibyte sequence, copy to output.
+			int nMultibyteRemaining = 0;
+			if ( ( c & 0xF8 ) == 0xF0 )	// first 5 bits are 11110
+				nMultibyteRemaining = 3;
+			else if ( ( c & 0xF0 ) == 0xE0 ) // first 4 bits are 1110
+				nMultibyteRemaining = 2;
+			else if ( ( c & 0xE0 ) == 0xC0 ) // first 3 bits are 110
+				nMultibyteRemaining = 1;
+
+			// cHTMLCur is in characters, so just +1
+			cHTMLCur++;
+			pbuffer->Put( pchCur, 1 + nMultibyteRemaining );
+
+			iContents += nMultibyteRemaining;
+
+			// Need to determine if we just added whitespace or not
+			wchar_t rgwch[ 3 ] = { 0 };
+			Q_UTF8CharsToWString( pchCur, 1, rgwch, sizeof( rgwch ) );
+			if ( !V_iswspace( rgwch[ 0 ] ) )
+				bLastCharWasWhitespace = false;
+			else
+				bLastCharWasWhitespace = true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			//not in a multibyte sequence- do our parsing/stripping
+			if ( c == '<' )
+			{
+				if ( !rgszPreserveTags || cPreserveTags == 0 )
+				{
+					//not preserving any tags, just strip it
+					bInStrippedTag = true;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					//look ahead, is this our kind of tag?
+					bool bPreserve = false;
+					bool bEndTag = false;
+					const char *szTagStart = &pchHTML[ iContents + 1 ];
+					// if it's a close tag, skip the /
+					if ( *szTagStart == '/' )
+					{
+						bEndTag = true;
+						szTagStart++;
+					}
+					if ( Q_strnicmp( "script", szTagStart, 6 ) == 0 )
+					{
+						bInStrippedTag = true;
+						bInStrippedContentTag = true;
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						//see if this tag is one we want to preserve
+						for ( uint iTag = 0; iTag < cPreserveTags; iTag++ )
+						{
+							const char *szTag = rgszPreserveTags[ iTag ];
+							int cchTag = Q_strlen( szTag );
+
+							//make sure characters match, and are followed by some non-alnum char 
+							//  so "i" can match <i> or <i class=...>, but not <img>
+							if ( Q_strnicmp( szTag, szTagStart, cchTag ) == 0 && !V_isalnum( szTagStart[ cchTag ] ) )
+							{
+								bPreserve = true;
+								if ( bEndTag )
+								{
+									// ending a paragraph tag is optional. If we were expecting to find one, and didn't, skip
+									if ( Q_stricmp( szTag, "p" ) != 0 )
+									{
+										while ( vecTagStack.Count() > 0 && Q_stricmp( vecTagStack[ vecTagStack.Count() - 1 ], "p" ) == 0 )
+										{
+											vecTagStack.Remove( vecTagStack.Count() - 1 );
+										}
+									}
+
+									if ( vecTagStack.Count() > 0 && vecTagStack[ vecTagStack.Count() - 1 ] == szTag )
+									{
+										vecTagStack.Remove( vecTagStack.Count() - 1 );
+
+										if ( Q_stricmp( szTag, "pre" ) == 0 )
+										{
+											nPreTagDepth--;
+											if ( nPreTagDepth < 0 )
+											{
+												nPreTagDepth = 0;
+											}
+										}
+									}
+									else
+									{
+										// don't preserve this unbalanced tag.  All open tags will be closed at the end of the blurb
+										bPreserve = false;
+									}
+								}
+								else
+								{
+									bool bNoCloseTag = false;
+									for ( uint iNoClose = 0; iNoClose < cNoCloseTags; iNoClose++ )
+									{
+										if ( Q_stricmp( szTag, rgszNoCloseTags[ iNoClose ] ) == 0 )
+										{
+											bNoCloseTag = true;
+											break;
+										}
+									}
+
+									if ( !bNoCloseTag )
+									{
+										vecTagStack.AddToTail( szTag );
+										if ( Q_stricmp( szTag, "pre" ) == 0 )
+										{
+											nPreTagDepth++;
+										}
+									}
+								}
+								break;
+							}
+						}
+						if ( !bPreserve )
+						{
+							bInStrippedTag = true;
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							bInPreservedTag = true;
+							pbuffer->PutChar( c );
+						}
+
+					}
+				}
+				if ( bInStrippedTag )
+				{
+					const char *szTagStart = &pchHTML[ iContents ];
+					if ( Q_strnicmp( szTagStart, "<li>", Q_strlen( "<li>" ) ) == 0 )
+					{
+						if ( bInListItemTag )
+						{
+							pbuffer->PutChar( ';' );
+							cHTMLCur++;
+							bInListItemTag = false;
+						}
+
+						if ( !bLastCharWasWhitespace )
+						{
+							pbuffer->PutChar( ' ' );
+							cHTMLCur++;
+						}
+
+						pbuffer->PutChar( '*' );
+						pbuffer->PutChar( ' ' );
+						cHTMLCur += 2;
+						bInListItemTag = true;
+					}
+					else if ( !bLastCharWasWhitespace )
+					{
+
+						if ( bInListItemTag )
+						{
+							char cLastChar = ' ';
+
+							if ( pbuffer->TellPut() > 0 )
+							{
+								cLastChar = ( ( (char*)pbuffer->Base() ) + pbuffer->TellPut() - 1 )[ 0 ];
+							}
+							if ( cLastChar != '.' && cLastChar != '?' && cLastChar != '!' )
+							{
+								pbuffer->PutChar( ';' );
+								cHTMLCur++;
+							}
+							bInListItemTag = false;
+						}
+
+						//we're decided to remove a tag, simulate a space in the original text
+						pbuffer->PutChar( ' ' );
+						cHTMLCur++;
+					}
+					bLastCharWasWhitespace = true;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				//just a normal character, nothin' special.
+				if ( nPreTagDepth == 0 && V_isspace( c ) && ( bStripNewLines || c != '\n' ) )
+				{
+					if ( !bLastCharWasWhitespace )
+					{
+						//replace any block of whitespace with a single space
+						cHTMLCur++;
+						pbuffer->PutChar( ' ' );
+						bLastCharWasWhitespace = true;
+					}
+					// don't put anything for whitespace if the previous character was whitespace 
+					//  (effectively trimming all blocks of whitespace down to a single ' ')
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					cHTMLCur++;
+					pbuffer->PutChar( c );
+					bLastCharWasWhitespace = false;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if ( cHTMLCur >= cMaxResultSize )
+	{
+		// we terminated because the blurb was full.  Add a '...' to the end
+		pbuffer->Put( "...", 3 );
+	}
+	//close any preserved tags that were open at the end.
+	FOR_EACH_VEC_BACK( vecTagStack, iTagStack )
+	{
+		pbuffer->PutChar( '<' );
+		pbuffer->PutChar( '/' );
+		pbuffer->Put( vecTagStack[ iTagStack ], Q_strlen( vecTagStack[ iTagStack ] ) );
+		pbuffer->PutChar( '>' );
+	}
+
+	// Null terminate
+	pbuffer->PutChar( '\0' );
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Purpose: Strips all HTML tags not specified in rgszPreserveTags
+//			Does some additional formatting, like turning <li> into * when not preserving that tag
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void V_StripAndPreserveHTML( CUtlBuffer *pbuffer, const char *pchHTML, const char **rgszPreserveTags, uint cPreserveTags, uint cMaxResultSize )
+{
+	const char *rgszNoCloseTags[] = { "br", "img" };
+	V_StripAndPreserveHTMLCore( pbuffer, pchHTML, rgszPreserveTags, cPreserveTags, rgszNoCloseTags, V_ARRAYSIZE( rgszNoCloseTags ), cMaxResultSize );
+}
+
+