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(#1014)
Branch started as a sessions-service overhaul (persistence, client liveness, UE_LOGFMT intake) and grew to pick up adjacent infrastructure work: an early-startup log backlog, a hardened `MemoryArena`, the `zen trace serve` viewer gaining a counter view + compact timeline + tabbed callsite panel, defensive fixes in the third-party `tourist` trace parser, a series of allocation reductions across the HTTP and compact-binary hot paths, and a new `zen sessions` CLI command tree.
## Sessions service
**Persistence.** Each session lives on disk under `<DataRoot>/sessions/<id>/` as `info.cb` (metadata) plus `log.bin` (length-prefixed CbObject log records). On startup the service scans that directory and loads prior sessions as ended sessions, preloading the tail of each log so historical views work after a restart. `SessionLog` is noexcept-constructed and falls back to a disabled state on disk errors, so a bad disk can't take down `RegisterSession`. `GetSession` falls back to the ended-sessions list (fixes historical log fetches over HTTP). `LoadTail` counts only successfully-parsed records.
**Pruning.** Periodic cleanup task drops ended sessions once any of three caps is exceeded: age (default 1 year), count (default 1000), or total on-disk footprint (default 50 MiB). Runs 30 s after startup, hourly thereafter. Active sessions never pruned; disk removal and directory stat happen outside the exclusive lock so a slow filesystem can't stall lookups.
**Client liveness.** Sessions carry a `ProcessHandle` for the client-reported pid, captured at registration time so Windows pid recycling can't produce false positives. A 30 s asio timer probes liveness and ends dead sessions through the normal remove path, producing a synthetic `Session ended: process exited (...)` line persisted to `log.bin`. Windows decodes common NTSTATUS exit codes to human names (Ctrl-C, access violation, stack overflow, ...); POSIX stays at plain `process exited`. Clients auto-fill `ClientPid` only for local targets (unix socket / loopback); the server defensively accepts pids only from `IsLocalMachineRequest()` peers. zenserver also reports its own pid when registering its self-session, so it shows up with a real pid in the dashboard and `zen sessions ls`.
**Synthetic end-of-session line.** `RemoveSession` takes an optional reason; before the session moves to the ended list it appends an Info-level `Session ended[: reason]` entry through the normal log path (released outside `m_Lock`). Current reasons: `client request` (HTTP DELETE), `server shutdown` (self-session), `process exited (...)` (liveness).
**UE_LOGFMT structured entries.** `POST /sessions/{id}/log` now accepts `{level, logger, format, fields}` alongside the existing `{level, logger, message}` shape. New `logtemplate.{h,cpp}` implements UE's `StructuredLog.cpp` template grammar (field paths with `.name` / `[N]`, `{{`/`}}` escapes, `$text` / `$format` / `$locformat` object conventions, bounded recursion). Renders to a displayable message at intake while persisting raw format + fields so a future UI can drill into fields without another schema bump. Hot path is zero-alloc — renders into `ExtendableStringBuilder<256>` using stack-buffered `Oid::ToString` / `IoHash::ToHexString` overloads. UI shows a `{…}` marker with the raw template + JSON-pretty fields on hover.
**Parent sessions.** `SessionInfo` gains `parent_session_id`; hub-managed storage server child processes inherit the hub's session id via `--parent-session=<id>`. `ZEN_SESSIONS_URL` env var becomes a fallback for `--sessions-url` / config when neither is provided. The in-process session log sink is disabled when a remote sessions target is configured (logs flow through `SessionsServiceClient` instead). The sessions UI groups child sessions under their parent (collapsible/expandable, sorts as a unit, supports nesting).
**Platform reporting.** `SessionInfo` gains `Platform`, flowed end-to-end: client auto-fills via `GetRuntimePlatformName()`, server persists in `info.cb` (`plat`) and emits on GET. UI renders as a SimpleIcons-style inline SVG (windows / macOS / iOS / linux / wine / android / playstation / xbox / nintendo) with case-insensitive alias resolution (Win32/Win64, PS4/PS5, XSX/XSS, NintendoSwitch, iPhone/iPad, Darwin/OSX). Unknown values fall back to text; sorting runs on the underlying string.
**WebSocket log streaming.** Sessions UI moves from 2 s polling to a WebSocket push model. New `WsSubscriber` has a stable id + helper methods. UI caps the log-line DOM at 5 000 entries with a shared cursor-regression helper, factored out of two call sites. Per-broadcast allocations trimmed on the push path; fixed a stack overrun in the WS log broadcast hex-id buffer.
**Log memory.** `LogEntry::Level` is now `logging::LogLevel` (1 byte) instead of `std::string` (~32 B) — saves ~310 KB per full 10 k-entry deque and eliminates a per-message allocation in the in-proc sink. On-disk format writes an int32 and accepts either int or legacy string on read. `LogEntry` strings now live in a `MemoryArena`; logger names are interned across the deque. `SessionLog::Append` and `WriteSessionInfoFile` drop their `UniqueBuffer` round-trip and write `CbObject::GetView()` straight through `BasicFile` / `SafeWriteFile`. Multi-entry `POST /log` batched under one lock + one push.
**In-proc log timestamps.** `InProcSessionLogSink::TimePointToDateTime` previously preserved only whole seconds, so every in-proc entry rendered at `.000` ms in the dashboard and `zen sessions tail`. It now adds the sub-second part (nanoseconds → 100 ns ticks) to keep ms precision end-to-end.
**UI.** Side "Session Details" panel is gone — its info is inline in the table (appname, mode, platform, id, timestamps, this/log pills, active dot). Bottom panel is a tabbed `Log | Metadata` view with a right-side "Session Information" panel beside metadata; log-only controls (filter, newest-first, follow, log-level filter, expand/collapse) hide when Metadata is active, polling keeps running across tab switches. Wide-mode toggle fills the viewport edge-to-edge. Log lines show the logger category; timestamps render in 24 h with zero-padded fields regardless of locale. Sessions list defaults to All / 10 per page / created-desc, gains click-to-sort headers on the full dataset, a header filter box, and a pager aligned to the table's right edge. Duplicate auto-injected `<h1>Sessions</h1>` removed.
## `zen sessions` CLI
New command tree on the `zen` client for inspecting the sessions service from the terminal:
- **`zen sessions ls`** — lists sessions (active first, ended next; newest-first within each group) with id, status, app/mode, pid, created, duration, and log count. Supports `--status active|ended|all` (default `all`).
- **`zen sessions status`** — prints the sessions service summary: self id, active / ended counts, and the read/write/delete/list/request/bad-request counters from `/stats/sessions`.
- **`zen sessions tail [session]`** — tails a session's log. With no argument it tails zenserver's own session (resolved via `/sessions/list`'s `self_id`); an explicit 24-hex id targets any session, including ended ones (historical replay). `--lines N` (default 50, 0 = all buffered) trims the initial dump client-side. `--follow` prefers a WebSocket push subscription on `/sessions/ws` for sub-second latency; on upgrade failure (older server, blocked port, unix-socket transport) it falls back to HTTP cursor polling at `--interval-ms` (default 500), with sleeps chunked to 50 ms so Ctrl-C reacts quickly. Output matches `zen::logging::FullFormatter` (`[YY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.mmm] [lvl] [logger] message`); on a TTY the level is colored and the logger is bold, with continuation lines indented under the message column using the *visible* prefix width. 404 surfaces as `(session ended)` and connection errors as `(server gone)` — both clean exits, so stopping the server mid-tail no longer prints a stack trace.
- **`zen sessions ui`** — opens `<host>/dashboard/?page=sessions` in the user's default browser. Rejects unix-socket hosts.
A small `ZenServiceClient::IsUnixSocket()` helper now wraps the unix-socket check used by `ui`, `sessions tail` (WS path), and `sessions ui`.
## Logging
`BacklogSink` captures early-startup log entries in a fixed-capacity ring so late-attached sinks (session sink, file sink) can replay them. Detaches from the broadcast list when disabled; backed by destructor-only cleanup (no `unique_ptr` indirection per entry). Tuned defaults so the backlog covers typical bring-up without unbounded growth.
## `zen trace serve` viewer
- Compact timeline mode for high-density views.
- New `TRACE_INT_VALUE` / `TRACE_FLOAT_VALUE` counter trace points + a counters page in the viewer.
- Callsite tables collapsed into a single tabbed panel.
- Lossless `Oid <-> Guid` bridge for trace session ids; trace `SessionId` plumbed through.
- `tourist` parser hardening: bounds-check `BufferStream::read`, validate `Type::info_size` before `patch()`, convert `parse_important_aux` to a loop (avoids deep recursion), widen `ParserPool` index to `uint32`, bounds-check field offsets in the dispatcher, pin `Types::parse` buffer up-front.
## `MemoryArena`
Configurable chunk size, inline chunk list, oversize requests routed to truly-dedicated chunks (no slack waste, no fragmentation when one allocation is much larger than the chunk).
## Allocation cleanups across hot paths
- `zenhttp::HttpRequestRouter::HandleRequest` and `FormatPackageMessageInternal`: drop heap allocations.
- Compact-binary validation: `eastl::fixed_vector` + `eastl::sort`; eliminate `std::vector` churn.
- `zenserverprocess`: trim transient allocations in spawn paths.
- Sessions HTTP intake / broadcast: drop transient `std::string` allocs.
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RegionName and Category on Misc.RegionBeginWithId were declared as
uint8[] — a byte array with no Field_String class flag. UE Insights'
FEventData::GetString() explicitly requires Field_String and returns
false otherwise, so Insights analyzers that check(GetString(...)) fire
when reading zen traces.
Upstream UE declares these fields as WideString; zen's source strings
are std::string_view, so AnsiString is the natural fit and the wire
bytes are unchanged (same Field_8 aux stream — only the schema class
bit differs). Insights' FString GetString variant accepts either ANSI
or WIDE, so analyzers work without change.
Zen's own tourist-based analyzer in src/zen/trace/trace_model.cpp
reads raw aux bytes via Array<uint8[]> regardless of the schema tag,
and its DecodeRegionName already handles both 1-byte and 2-byte
widths, so it's unaffected.
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Replaces the old (not fully implemented) UE `Logging.*` sink with a typed `ZenLog.*` trace path that preserves structured fmt args end-to-end, so the zen trace analyzer (and future consumers) can re-render log messages with full formatter support.
- Hook `Logger::Log` to tap `fmt::format_args` before `vformat` renders them, and emit three new events on a dedicated `ZenLogChannel`: `Category`, `MessageSpec`, `Message`. Args are serialized as `[count][descriptors][payload]` with distinct categories for bool, int, float, and string. Custom formatters fall back to a pre-rendered string.
- Bool has its own wire category so `{}` renders as `true`/`false` and `{:d}` as `1`/`0`.
- Zen `LogLevel` is translated to UE `ELogVerbosity` on emit so severity filtering works consistently.
- Extend the zen trace analyzer to decode `ZenLog.*` via `fmt::vformat` + `dynamic_format_arg_store` — nested widths, chrono specs, etc. all work. Strings are passed as views directly from the event payload (which outlives the format call) rather than copied through a pool.
- Retire the old `TraceSink` stub; the typed path supersedes it.
- Switch `--trace=default` alias from `cpu,log` to `cpu,zenlog`.
- Add `__int128` overloads to the arg encoder guarded by `FMT_USE_INT128` so fmt's int128 dispatch resolves unambiguously on clang/gcc. MSVC and clang-cl are unaffected.
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- Introduces a UE-trace Region primitive in `zencore/trace.{h,cpp}` for marking named, potentially long-running intervals of work that Unreal Insights render as banners in the timeline, separately from CPU scopes.
- New API:
- `uint64_t TraceBeginRegion(RegionName, Category={})` / `void TraceEndRegion(RegionId)` for manual begin/end pairs.
- `ScopedTraceRegion` RAII helper plus `ZEN_TRACE_REGION(name)` / `ZEN_TRACE_REGION_CAT(name, category)` macros for scope-based use.
- Emits the `Misc.RegionBeginWithId` / `Misc.RegionEndWithId` trace events (paired by a `GetHifreqTimerValue()`-derived id).
- Full no-op fallback under `#if !ZEN_WITH_TRACE` so callers compile in all configurations.
- Annotates `GcScheduler::CollectGarbage` with `ZEN_TRACE_REGION_CAT("GcScheduler::CollectGarbage", "gc")` as a first caller — makes GC passes visible as banners in Insights without relying on the existing `ZEN_TRACE_CPU` scope alone (which doesn't render as a region).
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- Replace per-type fmt::formatter specializations (StringBuilderBase, NiceBase) with a single generic formatter using a HasStringViewConversion concept
- Add ThousandsNum for comma-separated integer formatting (e.g. "1,234,567")
- Thread naming now accepts a sort hint for trace ordering
- Fix main thread trace registration to use actual thread ID and sort first
- Add ExpandEnvironmentVariables() for expanding %VAR% references in strings, with tests
- Add ParseHexBytes() overload with expected byte count validation
- Add Flag_BelowNormalPriority to CreateProcOptions (BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS on Windows, setpriority on POSIX)
- Add PrettyScroll progress bar mode that pins the status line to the bottom of the terminal using scroll regions, with signal handler cleanup for Ctrl+C/SIGTERM
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* Claude config updates
* Bug fixes and hardening across `zencore` and `zenhttp`, identified via static analysis.
### zencore
- **`ZEN_ASSERT` macro** -- extended to accept an optional string message literal; added `ZEN_ASSERT_MSG_` helper for message formatting. Callers needing runtime fmt-style formatting should use `ZEN_ASSERT_FORMAT`.
- **`MpscQueue`** -- fixed `TypeCompatibleStorage` to use a properly-sized `char Storage[sizeof(T)]` array instead of a single `char`; corrected `Data()` to cast `&Storage` rather than `this`; switched cache-line alignment to a fixed constant to avoid GCC's `-Winterference-size` warning. Enabled previously-disabled tests.
- **`StringBuilderImpl`** -- initialized `m_Base`/`m_CurPos`/`m_End` to `nullptr`. Fixed `StringCompare` return type (`bool` -> `int`). Fixed `ParseInt` to reject strings with trailing non-numeric characters. Removed deprecated `<codecvt>` include.
- **`NiceNumGeneral`** -- replaced `powl()` with integer `IntPow()` to avoid floating-point precision issues.
- **`RwLock::ExclusiveLockScope`** -- added move constructor/assignment; initialized `m_Lock` to `nullptr`.
- **`Latch::AddCount`** -- fixed variable type (`std::atomic_ptrdiff_t` -> `std::ptrdiff_t` for the return value of `fetch_add`).
- **`thread.cpp`** -- fixed Linux `pthread_setname_np` 16-byte name truncation; added null check before dereferencing in `Event::Close()`; fixed `NamedEvent::Close()` to call `close(Fd)` outside the lock region; added null guard in `NamedMutex` destructor; `Sleep()` now returns early for non-positive durations.
- **`MD5Stream`** -- was entirely stubbed out (no-op); now correctly calls `MD5Init`/`MD5Update`/`MD5Final`. Fixed `ToHexString` to use the correct string length. Fixed forward declarations. Fixed tests to compare `compare() == 0`.
- **`sentryintegration.cpp`** -- guard against null `filename`/`funcname` in spdlog message handler to prevent a crash in `fmt::format`.
- **`jobqueue.cpp`** -- fixed lost job ID when `IdGenerator` wraps around zero; fixed raw `Job*` in `RunningJobs` map (potential use-after-free) to `RefPtr<Job>`; fixed range-loop copies; fixed format string typo.
- **`trace.cpp`** -- suppress GCC false-positive warnings in third-party `trace.h` include.
### zenhttp
- **WebSocket close race** (`wsasio`, `wshttpsys`, `httpwsclient`) -- `m_CloseSent` promoted from `bool` to `std::atomic<bool>`; close check changed to `exchange(true)` to eliminate the check-then-set data race.
- **`wsframecodec.cpp`** -- reject WebSocket frames with payload > 256 MB to prevent OOM from malformed/malicious frames.
- **`oidc.cpp`** -- URL-encode refresh token and client ID in token requests (`FormUrlEncode`); parse `end_session_endpoint` and `device_authorization_endpoint` from OIDC discovery document.
- **`httpclientcommon.cpp`** -- propagate error code from `AppendData` when flushing the cache buffer.
- **`httpclient.h`** -- initialize all uninitialized members (`ErrorCode`, `UploadedBytes`, `DownloadedBytes`, `ElapsedSeconds`, `MultipartBoundary` fields).
- **`httpserver.h`** -- fix `operator=` return type for `HttpRpcHandler` (missing `&`).
- **`packageformat.h`** -- fix `~0u` (32-bit truncation) to `~uint64_t(0)` for a `uint64_t` field.
- **`httpparser`** -- initialize `m_RequestVerb` in both declaration and `ResetState()`.
- **`httpplugin.cpp`** -- initialize `m_BasePort`; fix format string missing quotes around connection name.
- **`httptracer.h`** -- move `#pragma once` before includes.
- **`websocket.h`** -- initialize `WebSocketMessage::Opcode`.
### zenserver
- **`hubservice.cpp`** -- fix two `ZEN_ASSERT` calls that incorrectly used fmt-style format args; converted to `ZEN_ASSERT_FORMAT`.
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- Add missing includes in hashutils.h (`<cstddef>`, `<type_traits>`)
- Add `ZenContentType` parameter to all `IoBufferBuilder` factory methods so content type is set at buffer creation time
- Fix null dereference in `SharedBuffer::GetFileReference()` when buffer is null
- Fix out-of-bounds read in trace command-line argument parsing when arg length exactly matches option length
- Add unit tests for 32-bit `CountLeadingZeros`
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- adds `zentelemetry` project which houses new functionality for serializing logs and traces in OpenTelemetry Protocol format (OTLP)
- moved existing stats functionality from `zencore` to `zentelemetry`
- adds `TRefCounted<T>` for vtable-less refcounting
- adds `MemoryArena` class which allows for linear allocation of memory from chunks
- adds `protozero` which is used to encode OTLP protobuf messages
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* clean up trace command line options
explicitly shut down worker pools
* some additional startup trace scopes
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This change introduces support for tracing of memory allocation activity. The code is ported from UE5, and Unreal Insights can be used to analyze the output. This is currently only fully supported on Windows, but will be extended to Mac/Linux in the near future.
To activate full memory tracking, pass `--trace=memory` on the commandline alongside `--tracehost=<ip>` or `-tracefile=<path>`. For more control over how much detail is traced you can instead pass some combination of `callstack`, `memtag`, `memalloc` instead. In practice, `--trace=memory` is an alias for `--trace=callstack,memtag,memalloc`). For convenience we also support `--trace=memory_light` which omits call stacks.
This change also introduces multiple memory allocators, which may be selected via command-line option `--malloc=<allocator>`:
* `mimalloc` - mimalloc (default, same as before)
* `rpmalloc` - rpmalloc is another high performance allocator for multithreaded applications which may be a better option than mimalloc (to be evaluated). Due to toolchain limitations this is currently only supported on Windows.
* `stomp` - an allocator intended to be used during development/debugging to help track down memory issues such as use-after-free or out-of-bounds access. Currently only supported on Windows.
* `ansi` - fallback to default system allocator
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this adds information on program name and command line to trace initialization
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* add trace command to enable/disable tracing at runtime
* rework tracing init/start/stop
* changelog
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* Make sure we close our trace session properly
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without this, traces rather unhelpfully show up with no context in
the session browser
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* moved source directories into `/src`
* updated bundle.lua for new `src` path
* moved some docs, icon
* removed old test trees
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