Change raw events to use slotted data models instead of parameters.

This allows for internal changes in Discord to not cause a breaking
change every time something changes.

Also implements #1214 which adds guild_id to every event where
applicable.

This is a breaking change.

3 files changed, 233 insertions, 59 deletions

diff --git a/discord/raw_models.py b/discord/raw_models.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9bb7f77d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/discord/raw_models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015-2018 Rapptz
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+
+class RawMessageDeleteEvent:
+    """Represents the event payload for a :func:`on_raw_message_delete` event.
+
+    Attributes
+    ------------
+    channel_id: :class:`int`
+        The channel ID where the deletion took place.
+    guild_id: Optional[:class:`int`]
+        The guild ID where the deletion took place, if applicable.
+    message_id: :class:`int`
+        The message ID that got deleted.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ('message_id', 'channel_id', 'guild_id')
+
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        self.message_id = int(data['id'])
+        self.channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
+
+        try:
+            self.guild_id = int(data['guild_id'])
+        except KeyError:
+            self.guild_id = None
+
+class RawBulkMessageDeleteEvent:
+    """Represents the event payload for a :func:`on_raw_bulk_message_delete` event.
+
+    Attributes
+    -----------
+    message_ids: Set[:class:`int`]
+        A :class:`set` of the message IDs that were deleted.
+    channel_id: :class:`int`
+        The channel ID where the message got deleted.
+    guild_id: Optional[:class:`int`]
+        The guild ID where the message got deleted, if applicable.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ('message_ids', 'channel_id', 'guild_id')
+
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        self.message_ids = { int(x) for x in data.get('ids', []) }
+        self.channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
+
+        try:
+            self.guild_id = int(data['guild_id'])
+        except KeyError:
+            self.guild_id = None
+
+class RawMessageUpdateEvent:
+    """Represents the payload for a :func:`on_raw_message_edit` event.
+
+    Attributes
+    -----------
+    message_id: :class:`int`
+        The message ID that got updated.
+    data: :class:`dict`
+        The raw data given by the
+        `gateway <https://discordapp.com/developers/docs/topics/gateway#message-update>`_
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ('message_id', 'data')
+
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        self.message_id = int(data['id'])
+        self.data = data
+
+class RawReactionActionEvent:
+    """Represents the payload for a :func:`on_raw_reaction_add` or
+    :func:`on_raw_reaction_remove` event.
+
+    Attributes
+    -----------
+    message_id: :class:`int`
+        The message ID that got or lost a reaction.
+    user_id: :class:`int`
+        The user ID who added or removed the reaction.
+    channel_id: :class:`int`
+        The channel ID where the reaction got added or removed.
+    guild_id: Optional[:class:`int`]
+        The guild ID where the reaction got added or removed, if applicable.
+    emoji: :class:`PartialEmoji`
+        The custom or unicode emoji being used.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ('message_id', 'user_id', 'channel_id', 'guild_id', 'emoji')
+
+    def __init__(self, data, emoji):
+        self.message_id = int(data['message_id'])
+        self.channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
+        self.user_id = int(data['user_id'])
+        self.emoji = emoji
+
+        try:
+            self.guild_id = int(data['guild_id'])
+        except KeyError:
+            self.guild_id = None
+
+class RawReactionClearEvent:
+    """Represents the payload for a :func:`on_raw_reaction_clear` event.
+
+    Attributes
+    -----------
+    message_id: :class:`int`
+        The message ID that got its reactions cleared.
+    channel_id: :class:`int`
+        The channel ID where the reactions got cleared.
+    guild_id: Optional[:class:`int`]
+        The guild ID where the reactions got cleared.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ('message_id', 'channel_id', 'guild_id')
+
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        self.message_id = int(data['message_id'])
+        self.channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
+
+        try:
+            self.guild_id = int(data['guild_id'])
+        except KeyError:
+            self.guild_id = None
diff --git a/discord/state.py b/discord/state.py
index cb413cd8..26a411a4 100644
--- a/discord/state.py
+++ b/discord/state.py
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ from .emoji import Emoji, PartialEmoji
 from .message import Message
 from .relationship import Relationship
 from .channel import *
+from .raw_models import *
 from .member import Member
 from .role import Role
 from .enums import ChannelType, try_enum, Status
@@ -243,6 +244,17 @@ class ConnectionState:
         for chunk in range(math.ceil(guild._member_count / 1000)):
             yield self.receive_chunk(guild.id)
 
+    def _get_guild_channel(self, data):
+        try:
+            guild = self._get_guild(int(data['guild_id']))
+        except KeyError:
+            channel = self.get_channel(int(data['channel_id']))
+            guild = None
+        else:
+            channel = guild and guild.get_channel(int(data['channel_id']))
+
+        return channel, guild
+
     @asyncio.coroutine
     def request_offline_members(self, guilds):
         # get all the chunks
@@ -330,34 +342,33 @@ class ConnectionState:
         self.dispatch('resumed')
 
     def parse_message_create(self, data):
-        channel = self.get_channel(int(data['channel_id']))
+        channel, _ = self._get_guild_channel(data)
         message = Message(channel=channel, data=data, state=self)
         self.dispatch('message', message)
         self._messages.append(message)
 
     def parse_message_delete(self, data):
-        message_id = int(data['id'])
-        channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
-        self.dispatch('raw_message_delete', message_id, channel_id)
+        raw = RawMessageDeleteEvent(data)
+        self.dispatch('raw_message_delete', raw)
 
-        found = self._get_message(message_id)
+        found = self._get_message(raw.message_id)
         if found is not None:
             self.dispatch('message_delete', found)
             self._messages.remove(found)
 
     def parse_message_delete_bulk(self, data):
-        message_ids = { int(x) for x in data.get('ids', []) }
-        channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
-        self.dispatch('raw_bulk_message_delete', message_ids, channel_id)
-        to_be_deleted = [message for message in self._messages if message.id in message_ids]
+        raw = RawBulkMessageDeleteEvent(data)
+        self.dispatch('raw_bulk_message_delete', raw)
+
+        to_be_deleted = [message for message in self._messages if message.id in raw.message_ids]
         for msg in to_be_deleted:
             self.dispatch('message_delete', msg)
             self._messages.remove(msg)
 
     def parse_message_update(self, data):
-        message_id = int(data['id'])
-        self.dispatch('raw_message_edit', message_id, data)
-        message = self._get_message(message_id)
+        raw = RawMessageUpdateEvent(data)
+        self.dispatch('raw_message_edit', raw)
+        message = self._get_message(raw.message_id)
         if message is not None:
             older_message = copy.copy(message)
             if 'call' in data:
@@ -372,54 +383,47 @@ class ConnectionState:
             self.dispatch('message_edit', older_message, message)
 
     def parse_message_reaction_add(self, data):
-        message_id = int(data['message_id'])
-        user_id = int(data['user_id'])
-        channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
-
         emoji_data = data['emoji']
         emoji_id = utils._get_as_snowflake(emoji_data, 'id')
         emoji = PartialEmoji(animated=emoji_data['animated'], id=emoji_id, name=emoji_data['name'])
-        self.dispatch('raw_reaction_add', emoji, message_id, channel_id, user_id)
+        raw = RawReactionActionEvent(data, emoji)
+        self.dispatch('raw_reaction_add', raw)
 
         # rich interface here
-        message = self._get_message(message_id)
+        message = self._get_message(raw.message_id)
         if message is not None:
             emoji = self._upgrade_partial_emoji(emoji)
-            reaction = message._add_reaction(data, emoji, user_id)
-            user = self._get_reaction_user(message.channel, user_id)
+            reaction = message._add_reaction(data, emoji, raw.user_id)
+            user = self._get_reaction_user(message.channel, raw.user_id)
             if user:
                 self.dispatch('reaction_add', reaction, user)
 
     def parse_message_reaction_remove_all(self, data):
-        message_id = int(data['message_id'])
-        channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
-        self.dispatch('raw_reaction_clear', message_id, channel_id)
+        raw = RawReactionClearEvent(data)
+        self.dispatch('raw_reaction_clear', raw)
 
-        message =  self._get_message(message_id)
+        message =  self._get_message(raw.message_id)
         if message is not None:
             old_reactions = message.reactions.copy()
             message.reactions.clear()
             self.dispatch('reaction_clear', message, old_reactions)
 
     def parse_message_reaction_remove(self, data):
-        message_id = int(data['message_id'])
-        user_id = int(data['user_id'])
-        channel_id = int(data['channel_id'])
-
         emoji_data = data['emoji']
         emoji_id = utils._get_as_snowflake(emoji_data, 'id')
         emoji = PartialEmoji(animated=emoji_data['animated'], id=emoji_id, name=emoji_data['name'])
-        self.dispatch('raw_reaction_remove', emoji, message_id, channel_id, user_id)
+        raw = RawReactionActionEvent(data, emoji)
+        self.dispatch('raw_reaction_remove', raw)
 
-        message = self._get_message(message_id)
+        message = self._get_message(raw.message_id)
         if message is not None:
             emoji = self._upgrade_partial_emoji(emoji)
             try:
-                reaction = message._remove_reaction(data, emoji, user_id)
+                reaction = message._remove_reaction(data, emoji, raw.user_id)
             except (AttributeError, ValueError) as e: # eventual consistency lol
                 pass
             else:
-                user = self._get_reaction_user(message.channel, user_id)
+                user = self._get_reaction_user(message.channel, raw.user_id)
                 if user:
                     self.dispatch('reaction_remove', reaction, user)
 
@@ -804,14 +808,14 @@ class ConnectionState:
             compat.create_task(vc._create_socket(key_id, data))
 
     def parse_typing_start(self, data):
-        channel = self.get_channel(int(data['channel_id']))
+        channel, guild = self._get_guild_channel(data)
         if channel is not None:
             member = None
             user_id = utils._get_as_snowflake(data, 'user_id')
             if isinstance(channel, DMChannel):
                 member = channel.recipient
             elif isinstance(channel, TextChannel):
-                member = channel.guild.get_member(user_id)
+                member = guild.get_member(user_id)
             elif isinstance(channel, GroupChannel):
                 member = utils.find(lambda x: x.id == user_id, channel.recipients)
 
diff --git a/docs/api.rst b/docs/api.rst
index fc08aee2..8be772ac 100644
--- a/docs/api.rst
+++ b/docs/api.rst
@@ -232,22 +232,21 @@ to handle it, which defaults to print a traceback and ignoring the exception.
 
     :param message: A :class:`Message` of the deleted message.
 
-.. function:: on_raw_message_delete(message_id, channel_id)
+.. function:: on_raw_message_delete(payload)
 
     Called when a message is deleted. Unlike :func:`on_message_delete`, this is
     called regardless of the message being in the internal message cache or not.
 
-    :param int message_id: The message ID of the message being deleted.
-    :param int channel_id: The channel ID where the message was deleted.
+    :param payload: The raw event payload data.
+    :type payload: :class:`RawMessageDeleteEvent`
 
-.. function:: on_raw_bulk_message_delete(message_ids, channel_id)
+.. function:: on_raw_bulk_message_delete(payload)
 
     Called when a bulk delete is triggered. This event is called regardless
     of the message IDs being in the internal message cache or not.
 
-    :param message_ids: The message IDs that were bulk deleted.
-    :type message_ids: Set[int]
-    :param int channel_id: The channel ID where the messages were deleted.
+    :param payload: The raw event payload data.
+    :type payload: :class:`RawBulkMessageDeleteEvent`
 
 .. function:: on_message_edit(before, after)
 
@@ -269,7 +268,7 @@ to handle it, which defaults to print a traceback and ignoring the exception.
     :param before: A :class:`Message` of the previous version of the message.
     :param after: A :class:`Message` of the current version of the message.
 
-.. function:: on_raw_message_edit(message_id, data)
+.. function:: on_raw_message_edit(payload)
 
     Called when a message is edited. Unlike :func:`on_message_edit`, this is called
     regardless of the state of the internal message cache.
@@ -282,8 +281,8 @@ to handle it, which defaults to print a traceback and ignoring the exception.
     denotes an "embed" only edit, which is an edit in which only the embeds are updated by the Discord
     embed server.
 
-    :param int message_id: The message ID of the message being edited.
-    :param dict data: The raw data being passed to the MESSAGE_UPDATE gateway event.
+    :param payload: The raw event payload data.
+    :type payload: :class:`RawMessageUpdateEvent`
 
 .. function:: on_reaction_add(reaction, user)
 
@@ -298,16 +297,13 @@ to handle it, which defaults to print a traceback and ignoring the exception.
     :param reaction: A :class:`Reaction` showing the current state of the reaction.
     :param user: A :class:`User` or :class:`Member` of the user who added the reaction.
 
-.. function:: on_raw_reaction_add(emoji, message_id, channel_id, user_id)
+.. function:: on_raw_reaction_add(payload)
 
     Called when a reaction has a reaction added. Unlike :func:`on_reaction_add`, this is
     called regardless of the state of the internal message cache.
 
-    :param emoji: The custom or unicode emoji being reacted to.
-    :type emoji: :class:`PartialEmoji`
-    :param int message_id: The message ID of the message being reacted.
-    :param int channel_id: The channel ID where the message belongs to.
-    :param int user_id: The user ID of the user who did the reaction.
+    :param payload: The raw event payload data.
+    :type payload: :class:`RawReactionActionEvent`
 
 .. function:: on_reaction_remove(reaction, user)
 
@@ -322,16 +318,13 @@ to handle it, which defaults to print a traceback and ignoring the exception.
     :param reaction: A :class:`Reaction` showing the current state of the reaction.
     :param user: A :class:`User` or :class:`Member` of the user who removed the reaction.
 
-.. function:: on_raw_reaction_remove(emoji, message_id, channel_id, user_id)
+.. function:: on_raw_reaction_remove(payload)
 
     Called when a reaction has a reaction removed. Unlike :func:`on_reaction_remove`, this is
     called regardless of the state of the internal message cache.
 
-    :param emoji: The custom or unicode emoji that got un-reacted.
-    :type emoji: :class:`PartialEmoji`
-    :param int message_id: The message ID of the message being un-reacted.
-    :param int channel_id: The channel ID where the message belongs to.
-    :param int user_id: The user ID of the user who removed the reaction.
+    :param payload: The raw event payload data.
+    :type payload: :class:`RawReactionActionEvent`
 
 .. function:: on_reaction_clear(message, reactions)
 
@@ -342,13 +335,13 @@ to handle it, which defaults to print a traceback and ignoring the exception.
     :param message: The :class:`Message` that had its reactions cleared.
     :param reactions: A list of :class:`Reaction`\s that were removed.
 
-.. function:: on_raw_reaction_clear(message_id, channel_id)
+.. function:: on_raw_reaction_clear(payload)
 
     Called when a message has all its reactions removed. Unlike :func:`on_reaction_clear`,
     this is called regardless of the state of the internal message cache.
 
-    :param int message_id: The message ID of the message having its reactions removed.
-    :param int channel_id: The channel ID of where the message belongs to.
+    :param payload: The raw event payload data.
+    :type payload: :class:`RawReactionClearEvent`
 
 .. function:: on_private_channel_delete(channel)
               on_private_channel_create(channel)
@@ -1994,6 +1987,37 @@ Invite
 .. autoclass:: Invite()
     :members:
 
+RawMessageDeleteEvent
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: RawMessageDeleteEvent()
+    :members:
+
+RawBulkMessageDeleteEvent
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: RawBulkMessageDeleteEvent()
+    :members:
+
+RawMessageUpdateEvent
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: RawMessageUpdateEvent()
+    :members:
+
+RawReactionActionEvent
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: RawReactionActionEvent()
+    :members:
+
+RawReactionClearEvent
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: RawReactionClearEvent()
+    :members:
+
+
 .. _discord_api_data:
 
 Data Classes